The Brief

The Trump administration's sweeping effort to slow down the rate of legal migration has affected a group traditionally immune from such efforts: spouses of U.S. citizens.

The administration has implemented a slew of policy changes since President Donald Trump returned to the White House last year, ranging from pausing immigrant visas for people from 75 countries to imposing greater scrutiny of applicants at green-card interviews and widening the scope of who is a target for deportation. The changes have hit all immigrants hard, including those who sought to enter and stay in the country through marriage.

Some non-U.S.-citizen spouses have been separated from their American loved ones and are afraid to engage with the U.S. immigration system, according to lawyers and NPR interviews with affected families.

"Life has become a lot more difficult for Americans who are married to somebody who is not born in this country," said Ashley DeAzevedo, executive director of American Families United. The organization advocates for U.S. citizen spouses and immediate family members of those engaged in various immigration processes.

The organization's membership has grown over the last year as more people are affected by the rapid policy changes, she said. Now there are about 1.4 million people seeking the group's support in the U.S., and about 300,000 outside the country — made up of people who have left the U.S., as well as those who want to come in.

"We saw so many of our members make the decision to self-deport, to leave the country for fear of this indefinite detention," DeAzevedo said. "We saw some members who had their spouses detained — and that was something we had not experienced previously because there was always this prioritization of who was going to be detained."

Sharvari Dalal-Dheini, senior director of government relations at the American Immigration Lawyers Association, said the United States government has always vetted and scrutinized immigrants who sought to stay in the U.S. through marriage.

However, while applying to stay, spouses of U.S. citizens were generally not swept up in broader immigration enforcement efforts.

"This group of individuals have always had a special place under the law," Dalal-Dheini said. "Spouses of U.S. citizens aren't subject to the immigrant quotas. They don't have to have a cap. Spouses of U.S. citizens don't [have to have maintained] their legal status here in order to adjust. And so the law has considered them to be a privileged class.

"But this administration is treating them like all other immigrants."

The administration says prior presidents should also have scrutinized such marriage-related applications more closely, and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is just complying with the law.

In a statement to NPR, USCIS spokesman Zach Kahler said verifying identities and personal histories of all people seeking immigration benefits, like a green card or citizenship, requires a rigorous process — "one that prioritizes the safety of the American people by more thoroughly screening and vetting all aliens."

He said just marrying a U.S. citizen and beginning the petition process does not protect someone from deportation.

"A pending or approved Form I-130, Petition for Alien Relative, does not confer any immigration status. All aliens are expected to comply with U.S. immigration laws," Kahler said. "Those who entered without inspection or who remain in the United States beyond their permitted stay are illegal aliens who may be subject to immigration enforcement action."

Family and fiancé petitions make up nearly half of green-card approvals

Immediate family sponsorship, including for spouses and fiancés, is one of the top ways U.S. citizens interact with the immigration system.

The latest data released by the Homeland Security Department, from 2024, shows that about 343,000 people received their green cards through their spouses — about a quarter of all green-card approvals. For about a decade, the number has hovered somewhere between 200,000 and 340,000 people.

The number of approved green cards doubles when accounting for other immediate family members who can provide sponsorship for immigrants, like children and parents. That suggests how important this pathway is for U.S. citizens and their immigrant family members.

The average processing time for each petition was 13 months for family members, and seven months for fiancés — largely in line with wait times from early 2025, before Trump's policies took effect.

In the first quarter of the 2026 fiscal year, 167,401 immediate family relative petitions were approved, and 8,612 fiancé petitions were approved.

The number of petitions approved has generally increased and decreased across administrations.

Chaos for U.S. citizens, including military members

The data may mask other ways noncitizen spouses could be affected. That's particularly true for those from one of over 70 countries that face holds for a wide range of travel and immigrant visas.

One such case is Es', a green-card holder married to a U.S. citizen. She was born in one of the 39 countries subject to a travel ban to the U.S., which was implemented last year. The pause means that although she has been in the country for three decades, her application for citizenship filed last year has not yet been reviewed.

There is no exception to the travel ban, even for spouses of U.S. military members.

The last few months have thrown the couples' lives into chaos.

"We are due to [move] to Germany," Es said, speaking on the condition of anonymity because her husband is in the Army and her immigration case is pending. "We were actually due to leave in July but had to push it to October to see if we can get [my citizenship] done."

The couple is now grappling with what to do with the house they own, whether they would have to travel separately, and what Es' lack of citizenship means for their two young U.S. citizen children — as well as their belongings.

"That'll mess up his readiness [for military service]," Es said in an interview. "He'll be thousands of miles away and he has to think about his job and will be worried about us and that is just not fair." A federal judge ruled the pause was unlawful, but her case has still not moved.

"This is not impacting people who have done anything wrong. This is impacting everyone," she said.

It's not just the bans and pauses. Several people told NPR that delays at the consulates are also contributing to strain, and leaving some spouses or fiancés without any legal status at all.

"People who are marrying U.S. citizens often are no longer in status, whether they came in legally and then their status expired or their status was terminated, like if they had [temporary protected status]," Dalal-Dheini said.

"And then there's extra scrutiny being applied to them now," she said, in reference to the USCIS approach to all applications.

Chilling effect on engaging with the process

Advocates say recent policy changes have amped up scrutiny of all immigration applications and chipped away at families' willingness to engage with the government.

USCIS officers are instructed to conduct more interviews. A memo last month encouraged officers to consider if someone had returned to their home country to apply for a green card when reviewing their application; those who stay in the U.S. may face longer and more intrusive vetting. Trump has also asked financial institutions to review the bank accounts of those in the U.S. without permanent status.

Eric Welsh, an immigration attorney in California, said clients must prepare for questions about when and how they applied for a green card, including providing evidence of "good moral character" and other information — something that previously wasn't required for those seeking to gain permanent residency or U.S. citizenship through marriage.

"What's important to keep in mind is that spouses are vulnerable," Welsh said, noting that while there are some pathways to be granted something like a green card or citizenship, it's not guaranteed. "There's no absolute right to remain and there's no absolute right to be afforded adjustment to status. And so I think that's something that most people don't commonly understand, especially not the U.S. citizens."

He and DeAzevedo have seen some families hesitate to move forward in their immigration cases.

"[This] has had an absolute chilling effect on many people in this country and their desire to put their spouse in that position," DeAzevedo said.

Copyright 2026 NPR

This story was originally published by CalMatters. Sign up for their newsletters.

California prisons are increasingly relying on an unusual fire alarm system: humans.

Between 2020 and 2025, the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation spent nearly $50 million on “fire watch” staffing costs. In recent years, prison employees have spent roughly 270,000 hours monitoring for smoke or fire.

They patrol prisons and visually inspect different areas during their shifts, according to job postings reviewed by CalMatters.

That’s because the majority of California’s 31 prisons have deficient fire alarm systems and it would cost $1.5 billion to replace them all, according to the department’s annual report submitted in January.

In the face of outdated, malfunctioning and inoperable fire alarm systems, the Office of the State Fire Marshal ordered the department to run fire watch coverage until it repairs or replaces its fire alarm systems.

“This process has come at a significant expense to the department in staff costs for fire watch coverage,” corrections officials wrote in a recent $15.2 million budget request to support next year’s coverage.

It’s a drop in the bucket for the department’s $14.6 billion budget, but costs continue to balloon.

The department in June said it was on track to spend roughly $40 million for last year’s fire watch coverage, according to the Legislative Analyst’s Office. That’s roughly $25 million over its budgeted authority, the office said.

Replacing a single prison’s fire alarm system costs between $3 million and $87 million, according to estimates in the system’s facilities master plan.

Caitlin O’Neil, who monitors the corrections budget as a principal fiscal and policy analyst at the Legislative Analyst’s Office, said the department has historically used correctional officers for fire coverage because the assignment requires keys and access to move about the prison freely. Their fire watch hours are typically coded to overtime.

The base pay for an experienced correctional officer is $9,647 a month, according to a 2024 salary survey.

But O’Neil said the department is exploring whether it can achieve fire watch coverage with a lower cost job classification — recognizing that correctional officers have more capabilities than just looking for fires. According to O’Neil, the department is piloting a fire watch program at Solano State Prison. There, fire watch positions are classified as an “office assistant” and report to a correctional sergeant.

The pay for that position tops out at $4,357 a month, according to a job ad.

Royal Ramey, a formerly incarcerated firefighter who co-founded the nonprofit organization Forestry and Fire Recruitment Program, said fire safety inside correctional institutions is non-negotiable.

“People who are incarcerated, as well as the staff inside these facilities, deserve reliable systems and strong emergency protections that keep everyone safe,” he said. “In situations involving fire emergency response, there can be no gaps in protection. But the priority must also remain protecting lives while continuing to advance permanent and reliable infrastructure solutions.”

But Matt Cate, who was California’s corrections secretary under former Govs. Arnold Schwarzenegger and Jerry Brown, said he was skeptical about the spending because people are paid to stand around and look for a problem that doesn’t exist.

“Large-scale fires in prisons are extremely rare because prisons are made of concrete and steel,” he said. “There’s a fire department attached to each prison and there are people throughout the prison who are there all the time. It’s staffed 24-7.”

According to Cate, the state has “very strict” regulations to manage fire risk in prisons. He said that puts the department in a position of either upgrading its fire alarm systems for hundreds of millions of dollars or requesting incremental cash each year to meet those regulations.

“It’s a little like deciding, do we buy the house or do we rent?” Cate said. “It's ultimately the governor's office and the Legislature who have to decide how much to invest versus how much to plug the problem through adding additional staff.”

Kristen Cowan, who studies the impacts of extreme weather disasters in prisons and jails as an assistant professor at the University of Buffalo, said she did not know it was legal for prisons to have inoperable fire alarm systems.

“This is baseline disaster preparedness,” she said. “It’s certainly concerning to know that that (technology) is missing. It makes you wonder what else is missing in the facilities.”

Cowan said the department’s reliance on fire watch positions in lieu of up-to-date technology could create big delays in fire detection, risking more injuries, deaths and detrimental health impacts from smoke exposure.

“We wouldn’t let anyone else live in a place that doesn’t have a smoke detector,” she said.

Cayla Mihalovich is a California Local News fellow.

This article was originally published on CalMatters and was republished under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives license.

Federal prosecutors filed a motion Monday to drop their case against labor leader David Huerta, a year after he was arrested protesting an ICE raid in downtown L.A. last summer. His arrest was one of the most dramatic moments of last summer, sparking a firestorm of criticism.

The federal government had charged Huerta, who leads Service Employees International Union California, with a misdemeanor, accusing him of obstructing, resisting, or opposing a federal officer during the first day of immigration sweeps across the region. Prosecutors had originally charged him with a felony, which carried a maximum sentence of six years in prison.

The charge against Huerta goes back to June 6, 2025, when he showed up at Ambiance Apparel in downtown L.A., a workplace where federal authorities were executing a warrant. He was arrested and held for three nights in the Metropolitan Detention Center Los Angeles.

In the original criminal complaint filed in June, a federal agent described Huerta and others gathering outside of a gate at the workplace "effectively preventing law enforcement vehicles from entering or exiting the premises through the gate to execute the search warrant."

According to SEIU, Huerta was injured during his arrest and treated at a hospital while in federal custody. The union said that he was exercising his First Amendment right to document law enforcement.

"It has been the objective of my attorneys to defend me against an administration that has violated the very foundation of our civil rights as a society and country," Huerta said in a statement provided by SEIU. "Our motions exposed a case that never should have been brought because it violated my constitutional rights."

Ciaran McEvoy, a spokesman for the U.S. Attorney’s Office in Los Angeles, said in a statement that the criminal case against Huerta should be fully dismissed by the end of the month. McEvoy said Huerta had "been compliant" with the terms of his bond.

"The Department of Justice does not arrest people for peacefully protesting," he said in a statement.

Long Beach wants to hear from residents ahead of the 2028 Olympic and Paralympic Games, when the city will host a total of 18 sporting events.

The 10-minute online survey, which is open through Sept. 30, asks respondents to give their general feelings about the arrival of the games, rank the lasting impact they want to see, provide concerns about attending and rank which free activities they would want to accompany the festivities.

You can take the survey here.

It’s the first step in a series of efforts for residents to provide feedback on everything from parking to the impact on local businesses, said Sean Devereaux, the city’s community engagement officer.

Long Beach just wrapped up a series of World Cup watch parties that city officials hope will be a road map for events surrounding the Olympic and Paralympic games.

From mid-June to mid-July, the city budgeted $800,000 to host 56 public watch parties and its annual Open Streets event during the international soccer tournament. About 50,000 people attended the city’s watch parties, city spokesperson Laath Martin wrote in an email.

The city will know the final amount spent for the events “in the coming days,” Martin wrote.

Most of the watch parties happened on Pine Avenue in downtown Long Beach, but for July’s knockout stage, they shifted to parks — with one event held in every city council district.

Ian McCall, owner of ISM Brewing on The Promenade, said the watch parties boosted sales at his business throughout the tournament.

For the most popular matches — aka, anytime Mexico and USA played — the brewery was “packed to the gills” with fans overflowing from the watch party on Pine Avenue.

On other match days, McCall said sales were still 15-20% higher than usual.

Restaurants and bars throughout Los Angeles also saw a similar boost from the games.

Data gathered from Long Beach’s online survey will help the city hone its approach for the Olympics and “ensure that the games are available to everyone in Long Beach in some capacity,” Devereaux said.

City staff also plan to host in-person meetings and events in various neighborhoods to get more tailored feedback, Devereaux said.

This story first appeared on The LA Local.

In Koreatown, a discarded chair or mattress can quickly snowball into a larger pile of trash and debris. 

It’s one reason Los Angeles is launching a dedicated cleanup crew to address the neighborhood’s persistent illegal dumping problem.

The Koreatown Youth and Community Center will operate the rapid response team, expected to launch in September, under a one-year contract with Council District 10. The three-person crew will remove bulky items such as furniture, appliances, electronic waste and other illegally dumped trash from the neighborhood.

The rapid response team will not participate in homeless encampment sweeps. If they encounter bulky items near an encampment, they will notify the city’s sanitation department, according to Pablo Cardoso, director of environmental services at the nonprofit KYCC.

Koreatown logged 17,429 illegal dumping service requests over the past year, according to an analysis of MyLA311 data by Crosstown.

Among the city’s 116 neighborhoods and districts, Koreatown ranked second in illegal dumping service requests, trailing only Van Nuys.

Koreatown’s high population density makes the neighborhood a priority for the targeted cleanup effort, according to officials.

“Given how densely populated Koreatown is, we are launching this targeted pilot program to enhance local maintenance efforts specifically for this community,” Council District 10 spokesperson Devyn Bakewell said.

The council office approached KYCC earlier this year about operating the program, Cardoso said. Officials did not immediately provide the full cost of the program.

Crew members will work eight-hour shifts Monday through Friday, focusing on major corridors bounded by Olympic Boulevard, Pico Boulevard, Western Avenue and Venice Boulevard. Council District 10 will direct crews to priority locations and respond to residents’ requests for service.

“I’m sure you’ve driven around Koreatown and seen bulky items just everywhere,” Cardoso said.

From April through December 2025, the neighborhood logged 12,640 illegal dumping service requests, according to the latest available MyLA311 data compiled by Crosstown. During that same period, the intersection of Fourth Street and New Hampshire Avenue received 206 reports — the highest total for any single location in the city.

Tam Phan, a Koreatown resident who has volunteered with No Harm KTLA since 2022, said her group regularly encounters illegally dumped furniture and other debris during its twice-monthly neighborhood cleanups.

Until recently, volunteers met at 6th Street and Kenmore Avenue. But after that area became noticeably cleaner, they moved to other parts of Koreatown, including around Wilshire Boulevard, Western Avenue and Vermont Avenue.

“We’ve noticed there are lots of stray trash, sometimes food waste that’s fermenting in the sun and lots of furniture that people leave outside their apartments that’s been there for quite a while,” Phan said.

Volunteers typically bring trash bags during cleanups, but recently started bringing large rolling bins to collect more waste. When they come across bulky items they can’t haul away, Phan said they report them through the city’s 311 system.

Once a pile of trash appears on the sidewalk in Koreatown, it’s common for more to follow, according to residents.

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Phan said she hopes the rapid response team will help address the problem.

“I think most people think it’s the norm to leave something out and the city will miraculously show up and clean it up,” she said. “As the weeks go by, we see the same item there.”

While KYCC’s litter abatement crews have occasionally removed bulky items, Cardoso said this will be the nonprofit’s first crew dedicated exclusively to that work.

“I think this is something that is absolutely needed,” he said. “There’s a lot of illegal dumping that goes on out there and this will be an asset to Koreatown.”

As part of the partnership, KYCC is recruiting local residents to staff the crew. Bakewell said local hiring was a priority to ensure the team is familiar with the community it will serve.

While the current contract runs for one year, Cardoso said KYCC hopes the pilot becomes a permanent resource for the neighborhood.