The Brief

A visibly frustrated federal judge announced Thursday that he would rule that the city of L.A. misled attorneys about promises to follow through on a settlement agreement that requires specific deadlines to clear encampments and add shelter beds in each city council district.

“I would find that you were misled in this matter,” U.S. District Judge David O. Carter told plaintiffs’ attorneys at a hearing in downtown L.A.

“I will not have this agreement broken … period,” Carter said of the settlement deal in the case.

It comes following a high-profile lawsuit brought by the downtown business group L.A. Alliance for Human Rights, which resulted in the city agreeing in April 2022 to settle the case.

Under that settlement, the city agreed to build thousands of shelter beds and present specific district-by-district deadlines for outreach and removal of encampments.

But Carter said he would rule that the city misled the plaintiffs from March to October of last year about promises to do outreach at encampments and set timelines to clear them.

A plan to help bring people into shelter ‘fell apart’

“The city had an obligation to provide encampment reduction milestones and deadlines 15 months ago. The city failed to do that,” a lead attorney for the plaintiffs, Elizabeth Mitchell, told LAist after the hearing.

Then, she said, “they made certain representations [last March] of what their plans were, [on] a district-by-district level,” she added.

“And we gave them an additional six months extension to do those things — to meet those milestones and deadlines. And they didn't do anything that they promised they were going to do.”

Both sides of the case agreed in writing on Thursday that the city and plaintiffs met on March 15 of last year “to discuss the City’s non-compliance with the [settlement] Agreement.”

Both sides agree that at that meeting, the city’s representative claimed the city had detailed plans to come into compliance. Specifically, that it would hire outreach contractors to assess the needs of unhoused people in each council district by July 1 and have specific deadlines for encampment removals by Oct. 1.

But that didn’t happen, according to the jointly agreed set of facts. The outreach contractors weren’t hired and the encampment clearance deadlines weren’t provided by Oct. 1, according to a court document outlining what both sides agree on. When the city did provide that plan a few days later, it was inadequate, according to the plaintiffs.

[Click here to read the jointly agreed facts Carter cited in finding that the city misled the plaintiffs.]

An attorney for the city, Scott Marcus, said during the hearing that the process to hire outreach providers “fell apart” but wasn’t communicated to the plaintiffs. He acknowledged the city was delayed in implementing this part of the settlement agreement, but said it’s now in compliance.

Carter said he hadn’t decided what sanctions, if any, to issue against the city for his finding that they misled the plaintiffs. He announced he’d hold further hearings Friday morning and next Thursday.

“I don’t know what to do about that yet, but I’m going to put people under oath,” Carter said.

The alleged issues Carter pointed to stem from commitments both sides agreed were made by the mayor’s then-homelessness chief, Mercedes Marquez, to the plaintiffs at the March 15 meeting. She no longer works for the mayor.

Marquez told LAist over text message that she does “not want to be anybody’s scapegoat.”

The plaintiff’s attorneys, however, say their goal is to help bring people indoors.

“We brought this case for accountability. We brought this case to bring people inside, off of the streets,” Mitchell told LAist after the hearing.

“I think today is one more step in that right direction.”

Response from the mayor

Mayor Karen Bass was in France during the hearing with a delegation of city officials examining Olympics preparations, and a spokesperson for her didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment.

Carter said he spoke on the phone with Bass during the lunch break in the hearing.

He said Bass was “amenable” to his request for full transparency for the court and the public about how homelessness dollars are being spent, including details from invoices submitted by services providers. He credited her efforts to address homelessness.

“Absolute transparency — all invoices from that point forward,” Carter said, earlier in the hearing, about what he wanted.

Speaking broadly about local government spending on homelessness programs in the L.A. area, Carter said there are hundreds of millions of dollars that are “flowing through with no accounting.”

What happens next

The hearing is set to resume at 9 a.m. Friday, with Carter calling a representative of the L.A. City Controller’s Office to ask about its auditing powers.

City officials testified Thursday that the controller is a lead auditing power at the city, but that they cannot audit programs under the mayor’s office — such as her Inside Safe motel program — due to the city charter.

Carter also asked that Bass attend a court hearing next week, after she’s back from France.

An attorney for unhoused advocates told Carter on Thursday that she’s concerned the focus has shifted from expanding shelter beds to removing encampments, rather than expanding bed capacity so people have a place to come inside.

Shayla Myers, who represents the advocacy group L.A. Community Action Network, said the plaintiffs were focusing more on “cleaning up visible signs of homelessness” than bringing people inside.

“When you provide shelter, people will come inside,” she said, pointing to Bass’ Inside Safe program.

The plaintiff’s attorneys, however, say their goal is to help bring people indoors.

“We brought this case for accountability. We brought this case to bring people inside, off of the streets,” Elizabeth Mitchell, a lead attorney for the plaintiffs, told LAist after the hearing.

“I think today is one more step in that right direction.”

Crews have now recovered the bodies of all nine backcountry skiers who were killed in an avalanche in Northern California earlier this week. It marks an end to what authorities on Saturday described as an agonizing five-day search and recovery operation complicated by intense winter storms northwest of Lake Tahoe.

"While we wish we could have saved them all, we are grateful that we can bring them home," said Nevada County Sheriff Shannan Moon during a Saturday news conference.

Until Saturday, authorities had not confirmed the death of a ninth victim, a skier who had been missing and presumed dead. Officials say their body was found near the eight other victims that have now been recovered. Authorities said avalanche hazards and weather conditions were too dangerous most of the week to search for the remaining victim or recover the bodies.

Four of the bodies were recovered on Friday, and the rest of the bodies were recovered on Saturday, all in the Castle Peak area where the avalanche – one of the deadliest in California history — struck. Six people from the group of 15 skiers survived Tuesday's disaster, the last day of a three-day backcountry ski trip. One guide and five travelers were among the survivors.

Helicopters with the California National Guard as well as the California Highway Patrol were used to hoist the remaining bodies from the mountain, officials said at the press conference.

On Friday, officials were able to use specialized techniques with the help of Pacific Gas & Electric to reduce the avalanche risk.

The ski trip was organized by Blackbird Mountain Guides, an outdoor tour company based in Truckee, Calif. Moon confirmed the identities of the victims. Three guides were killed: Andrew Alissandratos, 34, from Verdi, Nev.; Michael Henry, 30, from Soda Springs, Calif.; and Nicole Choo, 42, of South Lake Tahoe, Calif. The other victims, who had signed up for the group trip, are: Carrie Atkin, 46, of Soda Springs; Lizabeth Clabaugh, 52, of Boise, Idaho; Danielle Keatley, 44, of Soda Springs and Larkspur, Calif.; Kate Morse, 45, of Soda Springs and Tiburon, Calif.; Caroline Sekar, 45, of Soda Springs and San Francisco; and Katherine Vitt, 43, of Greenbrae, Calif.

The Sierra Avalanche Center classified the avalanche between a D2 and D3 on the avalanche danger scale.

"A D2 would take down a person. A D3 would take down a house, so it was right in between those. It was described by them as a football field length of a path of the avalanche," Sheriff Moon said on Saturday.

The area will be closed to visitors for several weeks, as the investigation continues.

Copyright 2026 NPR

A percussion instrument deeply-rooted in African music, the marimba shows up in everything from atonal avant-garde pieces to modern American pop songs. And yes, many people might know about its clear, playful tones through the iPhone ringtone of the same name.

But with its couch-sized layout of wooden bars and metal resonators, it's not always as accessible as say a guitar or more compact instrument.

Enter a man and a local non-profit on a mission to bring marimba to the masses.

From his home studio, Ariel Campos remembered one of the first times he really got intrigued by the marimba. He was listening to local radio.

“And I hear Tom Waits ‘Swordfishtrombone.’ That was like before Shazam and all that. And I was like, ‘what’s going on over here?!’” he said.

Campos teaches percussion at Mt. San Antonio College and he’s director of Southern California Marimba, a group dedicated to the promotion of marimba performance.

With its roots in Africa, Campos said American history is rich with the sounds of the marimba. That includes musicians like Clair Omar Musser, who toured with the instrument -- which can weigh hundreds of pounds -- back in the 1920s.

Musser might not ring a bell. But the marimba master was a big deal in his day, even organizing a 100-piece marimba orchestra for the Chicago World’s Fair in 1933.

In his studio filled with an array of other percussion instruments, Campos explained that the marimba is usually played with two, four or even six mallets. When I met with him earlier this month, he demonstrated the dexterity needed to pull that off on his own antique marimba: A hulking Deagan marimba he estimates was built in the 1920s.

Campos said he’s also interested in the rich marimba heritage of countries like Mexico and Guatemala, where the instrument is still very much alive.

In Guatemala, where the marimba is the national instrument, it’s not uncommon for three or more people to play the same instrument at the same time, Campos said.

“There’s a great band right now from Mexico. They’re called Son Rompe Pera,” Campos said. “Their slogan is like: cumbia is the new punk. And so they play cumbia punk music on the marimba.”

A working musician who’s played marimba with acts like Brooks and Dunn, Campos has a wide repertoire: from classical to pop songs like the Los Bukis classic, “Tu Cárcel.”

For over a year now, Campos and his colleagues at Southern California Marimbas have brought an eclectic array of live marimba music to audiences in L.A. He calls them ‘marimba salons’ and they even include some of his weirder, more avant-garde creations. For some of his atonal pieces, Campos uses his fingers, bare hands and even a bass bow to bring out the more subtle sounds of the instrument.

Campos said his goal with the marimba salons is to bring the marimba out of the academic setting and into neighborhoods where people can experience it up close.

“It’s the idea of bringing people together, especially now, in these times. We need to build a sense of community. And that can look however we want it to look,” Campos said.

“And I think using the marimba to do that is a great opportunity.”

The next SoCal Marimba salon is coming up on Sunday March 22 at 8pm at Sunspace in Shadow Hills.

Marimba Salon

Sunspace
9683 Sunland Blvd.

Shadow Hills, CA 91040

Sunday, March 22
8 - 9 p.m.

Mt. San Antonio College will also host a marimba festival and competition July 25-26. Check out Southern California Marimba’s website for more info as it becomes available.

In early 2020, Frank Ledezma and Jennyfer Gramajo moved into a new storefront for their event photography business on First Street in East L.A.

But like the story of so many small businesses during the pandemic shutdown, the husband-and-wife team soon found themselves needing to pivot.

 "We would do events for quinceañeras, baptisms, weddings," Gramajo said. "At that moment, all of our events were canceled."

Unlike the roller-coaster experiences that have defined so many mom-and-pops, though, their East L.A. Film Shop has been a story of unexpected success.

Inside East L.A. Film Shop.

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Fiona Ng

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Selling rolls

Gramajo and Ledezma went from shooting photos to selling film to photographers, during a crazy-making time when there probably wasn't a better way to kill time than to take your camera out and capture a suspended world.

"You couldn't find film. People were still shooting," Ledezma said. "People still wanted to go out and shoot."

The couple was already selling some photo supplies before the pandemic, but not much. After the lockdown, Gramajo said Ledezma asked her if he should pour their savings to go all in on the switch, based off a friend's suggestion, on a wing and a prayer.

"I'm like, 'Well, I think you should just buy a couple of rolls and see how it goes,'" Gramajo remembered.

Frank Ledezma and Jennyfer Gramajo, the husband and wife owners of East L.A. Film Shop.

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Fiona Ng

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East L.A. Film Shop

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Fiona Ng

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With that, East L.A. Film Shop was born.

The couple started advertising their goods on social media. As word of mouth spread, customers sought them out.

" We started meeting people like at the Jack in the Box parking lot. We would go deliver film like if it was Uber Eats," Gramajo said.

" They were like, 'Oh, go with Frank. They have it in stock. They always have it in stock,'" Ledezma said.

After reopening, the demand for film rolls stayed strong, so much so that East L.A. Film Shop expanded their offering to include film development and other services. Their clientele, Gramajo said, has always run the gamut, from seasoned pros to novices, including an elderly man who needed help loading a new roll into his old camera, or a woman who brought her kid to get a crash course on all the different knobs and buttons.

"Film Foos" hats for sale at East L.A. Film Shop.

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Since last year, East L.A. Film Shop has relocated to the storefront next door, a much bigger space to accommodate more equipment and a growing staff.

The extra room also allows the couple to create a community space for music, photo exhibits and more.

On Sunday, East L.A. Film shop is hosting its monthly "Barrios Sunday," where small local vendors are invited to set up shop for the day to sell their goods and get the word out about their business.

The couple is also asking photographers — analog and digital — to post their photos on the walls of the shop. The works will be displayed for a week.

As for Ledezma and Gramajo, they still go out and shoot. It's a kind of second nature — especially for Ledezma, who grew up helping his father, an event photographer himself, on his shoots.

"When I open a fresh roll, like the smell, it takes you back [to]  when I was a kid and my dad's like, 'Oh, gimme this roll,’" he said. "You still get that smell of fresh film. You know, it just takes you back."

Barrio Sunday

East L.A. Film Shop
3541 1st St., Los Angeles
Feb 22. Sun., 10 a.m. - 3 p.m.