The Brief

Black Friday, Cyber Monday, all the way through Christmas, online shopping spikes throughout the holiday season. It’s convenient and can be necessary.

But that convenience also has real consequences for communities and the planet.

“I think sometimes we don't take time to consider what the impacts are for real human beings,” said Ellen Reese, professor of Society, Environment and Health Equity at UC Riverside and co-author of the book Unsustainable: Amazon, Warehousing, and the Politics of Exploitation.

“There's definitely the whole politics of consumption, whether we actually need all of these goods that we're purchasing and are there other ways to show our love for each other besides buying a present,” Reese said. “But [when we do need to buy gifts] then we need to consider, where are all these goods being sourced?”

It's not just something to consider during the holidays. Over the last two decades, more than a billion square feet of warehouses have been built in the Inland Empire to support e-commerce. That boom has led to higher rates of health-harming and planet-heating pollution in the region. For example, the increase in online shopping in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic led to an 18% increase in Amazon’s carbon emissions in 2021, the company reported.

Warehouses dominate the Inland Empire

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Jesse Lerner

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Courtesy of Riverside Art Museum

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The impacts of online shopping in the IE

Jorge Osvaldo Heredia used to work in warehouses and remembers how there’d be a boost in hiring and longer, busier hours for him and his fellow warehouse workers during the holidays. But after the holiday season many of those jobs would end.

Osvaldo Heredia, now the executive director of the Garcia Center for the Arts in San Bernardino, said as warehouses have boomed, local businesses — and local jobs — have dried up.

“A lot of our local shops have been closing down and I really do attribute that a lot to online shopping,” Osvaldo Heredia said.

Jorge Osvaldo Heredia is the executive director of the Garcia Center for the Arts in San Bernardino.

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Fabian Torres

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LAist

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For example, in recent years the city’s only art supply store shut down, making the nearest brick-and-mortar store in Riverside. In response, the Garcia Center recently launched an art supply shop that also showcases and sells work made by local artists, as well as provides studio space. It’s called Mercado 536.

It’s a far cry from an online shopping experience, said Yulissa Mendoza, a local artist who helped open the shop.

“Not only are you buying something from someone that is handmade, you will probably run into them as well,” she said.

Local artists' work on display at Mercado 536.

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Courtesy of Yulissa Mendoza

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Osvaldo Heredia said more local, small businesses not only boosts diversity in local jobs, but also improves the quality of life for residents.

“We're doing what we can to work with the people in our community and really try to create a grassroots movement to improve our city for the better,” he said.

As warehouses and industry take up more space, another mode of local shopping — swap meets — have also dwindled in the area, said Darby Osnaya, who grew up in Colton and is a promotore, or community organizer, with the People’s Collective for Environmental Justice.

“To ask people to shop local can be very tough and demanding," Osnaya said. "Ideally, if we can have swap meets and farmers markets that we can go to, that would be great. But there's none here in Colton.”

That’s a reason why the People’s Collective is working with the Garcia Center and other local partners to hold a regular Eco-Tianguis, or eco-friendly swap meet and open-air market. The group held its first Eco-Tianguis last March, featuring local vendors, a clothing swap and plenty of food.

But Osnaya said people shouldn’t feel guilty about online shopping or shopping at big box stores, especially if it’s necessary for their budget or accessibility needs.

“I always try to be consumer conscious, however I know that's not the end all be all of fixing the problem,” Osnaya said.

An image created by San Bernardino artist Brenda Angels (@basoulcreates) depicts a vision of a thriving economy that runs on local businesses. It was part of the promotion for the the People's Collective for Environmental Justice's first Eco-Tianguis.

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Courtesy of Alicia Aguayo

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Is shopping local better for the climate? 

The climate impact of shopping local depends on how the product you’re buying is made and transported, as well as how far or what mode of travel you use to get it. When you shop at small local businesses, you can usually talk to the business owner or manager about those things.

But more often than not, when we shop at a local business, instead of big box stores or online, there are fewer emissions associated with our buying. And more money stays in the local economy, rather than going to large corporate retailers, which are responsible for roughly 25% of planet-heating pollution (though they say they are working to change that).

“When you shop local, $68 of every $100 that you spend stays in the local economy,” said Courtney Chatterson with the city of Long Beach’s Economic Development Department. “So that means that when you're shopping local, you're not just getting the things that you want, but you're investing in local people.”

The city of Long Beach recently launched its Shop Long Beach initiative, where buyers earn rewards for shopping at local small businesses.

Shopping 'glocal'

I wanted to check out some of the local businesses near the ports, where about 40% of the nation’s goods come through. In Long Beach, I met up with Teresa Baxter of local shop Fair Trade Long Beach, which is also part of the Shop Long Beach initiative.

“You're going to see a bunch of little nooks and crannies in this store,” said Baxter. “That's because we're a retail collective, so everybody here represents 20 different fair trade organizations under one roof.”

Teresa Baxter founded retail collective Fair Trade Long Beach.

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Erin Stone

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LAist

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It’s not always possible to buy locally-sourced products. That’s where fair trade can come in. Fair trade certified products are made ethically, meaning fair wages, no child labor, or other human rights violations, and they’re often also more sustainably produced. Baxter’s store, for example, showcases upcycled and sustainably-made products from our own southern California backyard and around the world.

“We do have local artisans and we do have global artisans, so we call it 'glocal,'” Baxter said with a smile. “So caring about your community and the community as a whole.”

There is cut metal wall art made out of old oil drums by a Haitian artist. There are Ecuadorian art pieces made out of tagua nut, an alternative to ivory. A Cambodian artist makes totes and wallets out of recycled cement bags. There’s also Eli’s Garden Corner, where a 13-year-old entrepreneur sells adorable succulent arrangements to save money for college. Each product has a person and a story connected to it…and there are all different price points.

Cut metal art made out of old oil drums by Haitian artist Jean Mikerson, sold at Fair Trade Long Beach.

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Erin Stone

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LAist

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“If we know where it's sourced from and if we know that the person is being paid a fair wage for what they're creating, then it just creates the ultimate vibe in our home and our surroundings,” Baxter said.

Just next door to Baxter’s shop, there’s Amarte, another retail collective founded by Claribel Valdovinos. While she’s not fair trade certified, she embraces fair trade principles through the direct trade she does to source her products.

“So I know the families and I go in person and I've seen how the conditions are,” Valdovinos said. “But mostly it's like a mutual collaboration, so I go and ask, like, ‘what would you like to highlight,’ and at the same time give feedback as to what folks are asking for.”

The store features many Indigenous artisans from Mexico, as well as Senegal, who use traditional, more environmentally-friendly methods to create their products. For example, woven palm work by Oaxacan families who raise and care for the palm trees on a collective, and naturally dyed traditional Senegalese clothing.

Claribel Valdovinos founded Amarte, a retail collective in Long Beach that sells goods with the ethos of preserving culture and celebrating Indigenous artisans from Mexico and Senegal.

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Erin Stone

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LAist

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“When you shop small and you shop local, the items that you're getting here are made with integrity and no one is being exploited,” said Valdovinos. “It's definitely a climate action, from the artisans we collaborate with, knowing that they're using traditional methods, and also at the same time, what we have here is in small batches, so we’re mindful of our carbon footprint.”

While shopping local or fair trade isn’t always guaranteed to be more climate-friendly, understanding where our stuff comes from and who made it helps us all learn how to live better with each other and the planet.

Tips for shopping sustainably

California clocked its second-worst snowpack on record Wednesday, a potentially troubling signal ahead for fire season.

It’s an alarming end to a winter that saw abnormally dry conditions briefly wiped from California’s drought map in January, for the first time in a quarter-century.

Though precipitation to date has been near average, much of it fell as rain rather than snow. Then March’s record-breaking heat melted most of the snow that remains. The state’s major reservoirs are nevertheless brimming above historic averages and are flirting with capacity, and a smattering of snow, rain and thunderstorms are dousing last month’s heat wave.

But experts now warn that California’s case of the missing snowpack could herald an early fire season in the mountains.

On Wednesday, state engineers conducting the symbolic April 1 snowpack measurement at Phillips Station south of Lake Tahoe found no measurable snow in patches of white dotting the grassy field.

“I want to welcome you call to probably one of the quickest snow surveys we’ve had — maybe one where people could actually use an umbrella,” joked Karla Nemeth, director of the California Department of Water Resources. “We’re getting a lot of questions about are we heading into a hydrologic drought? The answer is, I don’t know.”

State data reports that California’s snowpack is closing out the season at an alarming 18% of average statewide, and an even more abysmal 6% of average in the northern mountains that feed California’s major reservoirs.

Only the extreme drought year of 2015 beat this year’s snowpack for the worst on record, measuring in at just 5% of average on April 1st, when the snow historically is at its deepest.

“I think everyone's anticipating that it will be a long, busy fire season,” said Lenya Quinn-Davidson, director of the UC Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Fire Network.

“Without a snowpack, and with an early spring, it just means that there’s much more time for something like that to happen.”

‘It’s pretty bizarre up here’ 

In the city of South Lake Tahoe, which survived the massive Caldor Fire in the fall of 2021 without losing any structures, fire chief Jim Drennan said his department is already ramping up prevention efforts.

“It's pretty bizarre up here right now. It really seems like June conditions more than March,” Drennan said. “People are already turning the sprinklers on for their lawns.”

Without more precipitation, an early spring may complicate prescribed burning efforts. But Drennan said fire agencies in the Tahoe basin can start mechanically clearing fuels from forest areas earlier than usual.

“That means we can get more work done,” he said.

It also means homeowners need to start hardening their homes now, said Martin Goldberg, battalion chief and fuels management officer for the Lake Valley Fire Protection District, which protects unincorporated communities in the Lake Tahoe Basin’s south shore.

Goldberg urges residents to scour their yards for burnable materials, create defensible space and reach out to local fire departments with questions. The risks are widespread — from firewood, wooden fences, gas cans, plants, pine needles — even lawn furniture stacked against a house.

“In years past, I wouldn't even think of raking and clearing until May,” Goldberg said. “But my yard's completely cleared of snowpack, and it has been for a couple weeks now.”

‘A haystack fire’

Battalion chief David Acuña, a spokesperson for Cal Fire, said fire season is shaped by more than just one year’s snowpack.

Climate change has been remaking California’s fire seasons into fire years. And California’s recent average to abundant water years have fueled what Acuña called “bumper crops of vegetation and brush.”

“Most of California is like a haystack. And if you’ve ever seen a haystack fire, they burn very intensely because there's layers of fuel,” Acuña said.

Like Quinn-Davidson, Acuña wasn’t ready to make specific predictions about fires to come.

But John Abatzoglou, a professor of climatology at UC Merced, said the temperatures and snowpack conditions this year offer a glimpse of California in the latter decades of this century, as fossil fuel use continues to drive global temperatures higher.

How this year’s fires will play out will depend on when, where and how wind, heat, fuel and ignitions combine. But it foreshadows the consequences of a warmer California for water and fire under climate change.

“This,” Abatzoglou said, “is yet another stress test for the future in the state.”

This article was originally published on CalMatters and was republished under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives license.

Thousands of immigrants who are lawfully in California are set to lose their food assistance benefits, known as CalFresh, starting this month.

The new restrictions stem from H.R. 1 — also known as the “Big Beautiful Bill” — which Congress passed last year.

The changes remove eligibility for certain noncitizens, including people with refugee status and victims of trafficking. It also applies to immigrants from Iraq and Afghanistan who have special immigrant visas for helping the U.S. government overseas.

 ”These are folks … many of whom have large families that we have a commitment to as a country because we welcomed them and invited them here to find a place of refuge,” said Cambria Tortorelli, president of the International Institute of Los Angeles, a refugee resettlement agency. “They’re authorized to work and they’ve been brought here by the U.S. government.”

The federal spending bill, H.R. 1, made sweeping cuts to social safety net programs, including food assistance and Medicaid. In signing the bill, President Donald Trump said the changes were delivering on his campaign promises of “America first.”

Officials estimate 23,000 people in Los Angeles County will be affected. The state estimates about 72,000 immigrants with lawful presence will be affected across California.

CalFresh is the state’s version of the federally funded Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP. Undocumented immigrants have not been eligible to receive CalFresh benefits.

State officials say noncitizens who are currently receiving benefits will continue to get them until it’s time to renew their benefits — adding that people might be able to receive benefits again if their legal status changes to lawful permanent residents.

Who the changes apply to:

• Asylees
• Refugees
• Parolees (unless they are Cuban and Haitian entrants)
• Individuals with deportation or removal withheld
• Conditional entrants
• Victims of trafficking
• Battered noncitizens
• Iraqi or Afghan with special immigrant visas (SIV) who are not lawful permanent residents (LPR)
• Certain Afghan Nationals granted parole between July 31, 2021, and Sept. 30, 2023
• Certain Ukrainian Nationals granted parole between Feb. 24, 2022, and Sep. 30, 2024