The Brief

California students, including those in elementary school, will have better access to mental health care, free menstrual products and information about climate change this school year. The expansion of transitional kindergarten also means there will be more 4-year-old students on elementary school campuses.

These and other new pieces of education legislation will go into effect this school year, including a bill that bans schools from suspending students for willful defiance and another that offers college students more transparency around the cost of their courses and the materials they will need to purchase for them.

Here are a few new laws that may impact students in the 2024-25 school year.

Climate change instruction required

Science instruction in all grades — first through 12th — must include an emphasis on the causes and effects of climate change, and methods to mitigate it and adapt to it. Although many schools are already teaching students about climate change, all schools must incorporate the topic into instruction beginning this school year.

Content related to climate change appears in some of the state curriculum frameworks, according to an analysis of Assembly Bill 285, the legislation that created the requirement.

Assemblymember Luz Rivas, D-Arieta, the author of the bill, said the legislation will give the next generation the tools needed to prepare for the future and will cultivate a new generation of climate policy leaders in California.

“Climate change is no longer a future problem waiting for us to act upon — it is already here,” Rivas said in a statement. “Extreme climate events are wreaking havoc across the globe and escalating in severity each year.”

Menstrual products in elementary bathrooms

A new law in effect this year adds elementary schools to the public schools that must offer a free and adequate supply of menstruation products — in order to help younger menstruating students.

Last school year, the Menstruation Equity for All Act went into effect, requiring public schools serving sixth- through 12th-grade students to provide menstruation products. It affected over 2,000 schools.

The new law expands the requirement to public schools that serve third- through fifth-grade students. A Senate analysis of the legislation notes that 10% of menstruation periods begin by age 10, according to a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report.

The new law requires affected schools to offer free menstrual products in all-gender bathrooms, women’s bathrooms and at least one men’s bathroom on each campus. The legislation, authored by Assemblymember Eloise Gómez Reyes,D-San Bernardino, includes one men’s bathroom on each campus to offer access to transgender boys who menstruate.

Supporters of the bill note that menstruation isn’t always predictable and can strike at inopportune times, such as during a test. Menstruation products can also be pricey — especially for students who might also be struggling with food insecurity.

Girl Scout Troop 76 in the Inland Empire advocated for the bill. Scout Ava Firnkoess said that menstruation access is important to young girls, like her, who started menstruating early.

“I have another friend who also started at a young age. She had to use toilet paper and paper towels because she did not have access to menstrual products,” Firnkoess said in a statement. “We think young students who start their periods need to have access to products, not just those who start in sixth grade or later.”

Younger students on campus

Elementary students may seem to be getting a little smaller this year, as transitional kindergarten classes are expanded to children who will turn age 5 between Sept. 2 and June 2.

Transitional kindergarten, an additional grade before kindergarten, was created for 4-year-old children who turn 5 before Dec. 2. It has been expanded each year since 2022 to include more children aged 4. All 4-year-old students will be eligible in the fall of 2025.

Gov. Gavin Newsom and State Superintendent of Public Instruction Tony Thurmond have celebrated the expansion of transitional kindergarten, pointing to numbers that show enrollment doubled over the past two years, from 75,000 in 2021-22, to 151,000 in 2023-24. However, a recent analysis by CalMatters found that the percentage of children eligible for transitional kindergarten who actually enrolled had gone down 4 to 7 percentage points.

Colleges must disclose costs

The typical California college student is expected to spend $1,062 on books and supplies in the 2024-25 academic year, according to the California Student Aid Commission.

The exact costs can be hard for students to predict, leaving them uncertain about how much money to budget for a given class. Assembly Bill 607, which Newsom signed last year, requires California State University campuses and community colleges to disclose upfront the estimated costs of course materials and fees for some of their courses this school year. The bill asks University of California campuses to do the same, but does not make it a requirement.

The schools must provide information for at least 40% of courses by Jan. 1 of next year, increasing that percentage each year until there are cost disclosures for 75% of courses by 2028. This year, campuses should also highlight courses that use free digital course materials and low-cost print materials, according to the legislation.

Proponents of the law, which was co-authored by Assemblymembers Ash Kalra, D-San Jose; Isaac Bryan, D-Los Angeles; and Sabrina Cervantes, D-Inland Empire, said it will promote price transparency. The bill covers digital and physical textbooks as well as software subscriptions and devices like calculators.

A student speaking in support of AB 607 in May 2023 said she felt “helplessly exposed and vulnerable” when she had to appeal to a professor for help covering the surprise costs of a textbook’s online course content.

“If I would have known that a month ahead of time, I could have organized and evaluated my budget in an effective manner for the entire semester,” said Rashal Azar. “This would have prevented my financial anxiety and not triggered my mental health as well.”

TK exempt from English language test

Students enrolled in transitional kindergarten, also known as TK, are no longer required to take the initial English Language Proficiency Assessment for California (ELPAC). The test, which measures proficiency in listening, speaking, reading and writing in English, is required to be taken within 30 days of enrollment in kindergarten through 12th grade, if parents indicate in a survey that their children speak another language at home.

Previously, transitional kindergartners also had to take the ELPAC when enrolling. But many school district staff and advocates for English learners said the test was not designed for 4-year-old children and that it was not identifying English learners accurately, because the children were too young to answer questions correctly.

The California Department of Education has directed school districts to mark children’s English language acquisition status as “to be determined” in the California Longitudinal Pupil Achievement Data System, if their parents indicate on the home language survey that their primary or native language is a language other than English. These students will take the initial ELPAC when they begin kindergarten the following year.

Californians Together, which advocates for English learners, and Early Edge California, which advocates for quality early education for all children, were among the organizations that celebrated the bill.

“As the parent of bilingual children and a dual language learner myself, I deeply appreciate Governor Newsom, Assemblymember (Al) Muratsuchi, and California’s legislators for supporting our young multilingual learners by championing AB 2268,” said Patricia Lozano, executive director of Early Edge California in a news release. “This bill will create more support tailored to their needs and strengths, so they can learn and thrive from the early years onward.”

Kids can consent to mental health care

A new law that took effect in July makes it easier for children on Medi-Cal who are 12 or older to consent to mental health treatment inside and outside of schools. Children older than 12 on private insurance can already consent to mental health care without parental consent.

Previously, students in this age group could only consent to mental health treatment without parental approval under a limited number of circumstances: incest, child abuse or serious danger, such as suicidal ideation.

“From mass shootings in public spaces and, in particular, school shootings, as well as fentanyl overdoses and social media bullying, young people are experiencing a new reality,” said Assemblymember Wendy Carrillo, D-Los Angeles, author of the bill. “The new law is about “making sure all young people, regardless if they have private health insurance or are Medi-Cal recipients, have access to mental health resources.”

Children who need mental health care but do not have consent from their parents could potentially seek help from social media and other online resources of sometimes dubious quality, according to the legislation.

The legislation allows mental health professionals to determine whether parental involvement is “inappropriate” and also whether the child in question is mature enough to consent.

California Capitol Connection, a Baptist advocacy group, opposed the bill, stating, “In most cases, a parent knows what is best for their child.”

This is not strictly an education bill, but it does affect schools. The law notes that school-based providers, such as a credentialed school psychologist, find that some students who want to avail themselves of mental health resources are not able to get parental consent.

No willful defiance suspensions

Beginning this school year, and for the next five years, California students across all grade levels cannot be suspended for willful defiance.

Acts of willful defiance, according to Senate Bill 274, include instances where a student is intentionally disruptive or defies school authorities. Instead of being suspended, these students will be referred to school administrators for intervention and support.

SB 274 builds on previous California legislation that had already banned willful defiance suspensions among first-through-eighth-grade students, and had banned expulsions for willful defiance across the board.

Studies show that willful defiance suspensions disproportionately impact Black male students and increase the likelihood of students dropping out of school.

Los Angeles Unified, Oakland Unified, San Francisco Unified and other school districts have already banned the practice.

SB 274 would apply to all grades TK through 12 in both traditional public schools and charters. The bill would also prohibit schools from suspending or expelling students for being tardy or truant.

Schools can’t ‘out’ students

After Jan. 1, California schools boards will not be permitted to pass resolutions requiring teachers and staff to notify parents if they believe a child is transgender.

Newsom signed the Support Academic Futures and Educators for Today’s Youth, or SAFETY Act, in July in response to the more than a dozen California school boards that proposed or passed parental notification policies in just over a year. At least seven California school districts passed the policies, often after heated public debate.

The policies require school staff to inform parents if a child asks to use a name or pronoun different from the one assigned at birth, or if they engage in activities and use facilities designed for the opposite sex.

The new law protects school staff from retaliation if they refuse to notify parents of a child’s gender preference. The legislation also provides additional resources and support for LGBTQ+ students at junior high and high schools.

“Politically motivated attacks on the rights, safety and dignity of transgender, nonbinary and other LGBTQ+ youth are on the rise nationwide, including in California,” said Assemblymember Chris Ward, D-San Diego, who introduced the legislation along with the California Legislative LGBTQ Caucus.

TOKYO (AP) — Japanese artist Yayoi Kusama, who splashed her signature polka dots on paintings, sculptures and museum installations around the world, has died, her studio said Thursday. She was 97.

Kusama died Aug. 14 at a hospital in Tokyo, Yayoi Kusama Studio said.

“She continued to paint until her final days, never setting aside her brush, and continued exploration of forever love and eternal soul,” the studio’s statement said. “We will carry forward Kusama’s wishes and, through art, continue to bring hope and strength for the future to people around the world.”

Kusama, one of Japan’s most respected contemporary artists, was widely exhibited around the world, including the Museum of Modern Art and the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York.

Repetitive motifs were her trademark, in various shapes, resembling netting, swirls or worms, but most often dots, dancing proudly on her canvases, or as sparkling balls or dots of light in her installations, in all their vibrant psychedelic glory.

“Polka dots are fabulous,” Kusama said in a 2012 interview with The Associated Press, appearing in her signature orange bobcut wig and polka dot-covered attire.

“I want to create a thousand paintings, maybe two thousand paintings, as many as I can draw,” she said in her childlike but matter-of-fact tone. “I will keep painting until I die.”

Kusama insisted she drew the way she saw the world -- covered with spots, part of the hallucinations she said she had from childhood. She was in and out of psychiatric institution for decades, although her sickness did not hold her back as she was one of the first Japanese women to go to New York to pursue her art, in 1957.

Although soft-spoken and shy in her mannerisms, she was always unabashedly bold in the assertion of her dotty vision, not only in sticking to the style for decades but also in making it accessible to the masses.

In her later years, as the times caught up with her art, she enjoyed fame. She signed on with fashion brands like Louis Vuitton as well as other licensed products like teacups, T-shirts and key chains with her illustrations, including replicas of her likeness that were used in show windows and other marketing.

In 2008, Christie’s auctioned her work for $5.8 million. In 2016, she won the most prestigious award Japan gives its artists, the Order of Culture.

Upon receiving the award, she told reporters she was more determined than ever to pursue her art, stressing that the sincerity and devotion she had demonstrated in her personal life were crucial parts of her artistic legacy.

“I feel there is little left in my life, but I am now still fighting to the death for my art,” she said. “I am giving all I have so that many people will continue to be interested in my art, even after I am dead.”

Kusama was called pop, avant-garde, feminist, just to name some of the categories thrown at her, most of which Kusama brushed off as not quite representative of her art.

She was born in a middle-class family but felt misunderstood, as her parents wanted her to simply get married. They wanted to buy her kimono, not paints and brushes. She knew she had to get away. She chose America.

When she arrived in New York, the fad was “action painting,” characterized by dribbles, swooshes and smears, not dots. She suffered years of poverty and obscurity. But she kept painting dots.

She put circles of paper on people’s bodies, and once a horse, in “happening” anti-war performances in the late 1960s, which got some people arrested for obscenity but helped get media attention for her art. While in New York, she befriended artists like Andy Warhol, Georgia O’Keefe and Joseph Cornell, who praised her innovative style.

Over the years, Kusama has made quirky but stunningly celebratory works like “Macaroni Girl,” a female figure plastered with macaroni, which expresses the fear of food; “The Visionary Flowers,” giant sculptures of twisting tulips, and “Mirrored Corridor,” a room with mirrors that delivers an illusion of a field of phallic protrusions speckled with dots.

Kusama, who has also made films and published several novels, said she wasn’t sure where she got her ideas. She just picked up her brush and started drawing. The process was so mysterious sometimes she surprised herself, she told AP.

“I think, ‘Oh, I drew that? I was thinking that,’” she said.

But she appeared happy to have her art be the focus of media attention and praise, reading one of her poems to a reporter or tackling her artworks with gusto for photos.

But she was also a charmingly disarming mix of vulnerability and defiance — at one moment, declaring herself “an artistic revolutionary,” and then the next, mumbling: “I am so afraid, all the time, of everything.”

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Associated Press writer Mari Yamaguchi contributed to this report.

The Los Angeles City Council on Wednesday called for a review of this year’s point-in-time homeless count, citing potential errors, including a possible overcount of unhoused people in some parts of the city and an undercount of people staying in shelters elsewhere.

Council President Marqueece Harris-Dawson said during the meeting he believed there were “glaring problems” with homeless count numbers for some parts of his district because they didn’t align with what he and others had observed.

He pointed to one part of South L.A. where the numbers of unhoused residents skyrocketed, according to the agency responsible for the count — the regional L.A. Homeless Services Authority, or LAHSA.

LAHSA’s count of unsheltered people in that census tract was more than 10 times higher in 2026 than previous years, and Harris-Dawson says that is not accurate.

Councilmember Bob Blumenfield said this year’s count did not initially include some people staying at shelters in his district, because of what he described as a “glitch” in how some data was counted.

The council voted unanimously to call for the review.

After the meeting Wednesday, LAHSA told LAist that it would launch an investigation.

Ahmad Chapman, a spokesperson for the agency, said in a statement that the annual count “produces reliable regional-level estimates” of the unhoused people living in the region, but that it would follow the City Council’s directives.

“We recognize the specific concerns raised by the Council, and we will ensure a disciplined evaluation by leveraging the expertise of our Risk Management Department throughout this internal review,” Chapman said. “Our priority is to identify precise operational or technical issues, report our findings back to the City, and make appropriate changes to our process.”

It is not yet clear when the review will be completed or when updated numbers will be released.

Questions about the count

LAHSA conducts the point-in-time count as required by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. It is used by the federal government to determine how millions of dollars in federal grants are distributed and gives local officials an annual snapshot of how many people are unhoused in their districts.

Errors have been found in the count in the past, and observers have questioned its accuracy.

An LAist investigation found that the 2024 count was complicated from policy changes at LAHSA, shifting guidelines and technical problems.

The next year, a report by the RAND Corporation found the count had gotten less accurate and captured just 68% of the unsheltered population in Skid Row, Venice and Hollywood.

Blumenfield said during the Wednesday meeting that he has had issues with the count’s data in his district nearly every year. He noted there had been problems in previous years with the app LAHSA used for the count not working properly. He also claimed LAHSA overcounted RVs.

LAist asked LAHSA about Blumenfield’s comments but the agency’s response did not refer specifically to that particular claim about the RVs.

As for this year, Blumenfield said some people in his district who stayed in shelters that were part of the state’s Project Homekey program were initially excluded from the count because of the aforementioned “glitch.” He did not explain during the meeting how LAHSA had missed the Homekey shelters.

Councilmember Imelda Padilla said she, too, had observed that some numbers from shelters in her district were not reflected in LAHSA’s data.

Blumenfield said LAHSA had been slow to respond previously when confronted with these complaints.

“We approach LAHSA,” he said, “and oftentimes it takes months and months to finally get a resolution.”

An area of concern

The latest count showed homelessness in District 8, covering much of South L.A., increased by 128% from 2025 to 2026.

Harris-Dawson said the rise didn’t align with what he and others in his office had seen on the streets.

In one census tract covering the residential West Park Terrace neighborhood, LAHSA reported that the number of unhoused people observed during the count — not including dwellings like vehicles or encampments — went from fewer than 20 in recent years to 277 in 2026.

“The census tract is in the neighborhood I live in, so I know for a fact that this cannot be the correct number,” Harris-Dawson said during the Wednesday council meeting. “We'd notice 25 new homeless people, much less two hundred and fifty.”

He told LAist he expects a review of the count to provide “a number reflective of the reality on site.”

But some people who live in the area told LAist this week that they do believe homelessness has been on the rise since last year.

 Derrick Johnson told LAist he grew up near the St. Andrews Recreation Center, where for the past six months he has been staying in an RV.

Like others he pointed to who live around him on the same street, he was in permanent supportive housing through a Section 8 voucher until it expired.

He said he felt the services meant to help had failed him and rent was too high, so he decided to spend $4,200 on an RV.

 Derrick Johnson points to his RV he lives in on Aug. 26, 2026. Johnson says his Section 8 permanent supportive housing voucher expired without him knowing, pushing him back to living on the streets.

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Jordan Rynning

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LAist

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“ I did the program . . . I did all that, and you telling me I ain't got no spot?” he said. "F— y'all, I got me an RV now.”

Vincent Benton doesn’t have an RV. He told LAist he doesn’t have a tent or sleeping bag to stay in.

He said he has family nearby who try to help him, but drug use and a criminal record have kept him unhoused for now.

“I blow in the wind, and wherever the wind takes me, you know, I go for broke,” he said.

Vincent Benton sits on a bench at the St. Andrews Recreation Center with his dog, May-Two, on Aug. 26, 2026.

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Jordan Rynning

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LAist

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He said he’s been seeing more unhoused people coming to the area looking for a place to stay.

“ In a minute, all of South Central gonna look like downtown LA,” he said.

Visits to the emergency room spike when it gets really hot, according to public health data. But for many years one of the populations most affected by extreme heat — the unhoused — have been left out of that data.

Now, we know this: Californians experiencing homelessness are 38% more likely to visit the emergency room because of extreme heat, despite accounting for less than half a percentage point of the total population.

That’s according to a new analysis by Tracking California, a program that collects and analyzes data on health hazards across the state.

“We always knew that unhoused individuals were at much higher risk on extreme heat days, and now there is that empirical evidence,” said Shubhayu Saha, executive director of Tracking California.

Their report found that unhoused people were also 11% more likely to visit the hospital for heart and respiratory illness on high heat days, which may reflect how heat can exacerbate preexisting conditions like heart disease, or coincide with air pollution like smog that gets worse during hot days, Saha said.

The solutions, however, are not simple and require addressing entrenched societal problems — a lack of affordable housing, high electricity bills that can force people to keep their A/C off even if they have it, and unequal access to shade and green space outdoors.

Addressing the acute need

Meanwhile, local shelters and doctors have been responding to acute needs.

In the San Bernardino Valley, Dr. Rodney Borger has recently treated unhoused patients for burns, from laying on hot pavement, and severe dehydration.

On Skid Row in L.A., UCLA physician Mary Marfisee has treated more and more patients with severe dehydration, heat rashes and heat exhaustion. Among the chronically unhoused, she said, addiction and mental health issues can also interact with heat in dangerous ways.

Dr. Mary Marfisee conducts a brief breathing check on a woman on Los Angeles' Skid Row last year.

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Zaydee Sanchez

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For NPR

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“The medications for mental illness can affect the hypothalamus, and that's your set point for temperature regulation,” Marfisee said. “Mental illness itself can lead to those temperature regulation difficulties, so they think they're cold, when they're really not.”

Yolanda Breland,  the senior director of community engagement at the Los Angeles Mission, has noticed the increase in homelessness, and more challenges related to the heat.

“ It's too hot for them to be in their tents or under any type of shelter because that just retains the heat,” she said.

Breland also said this week they’ve seen a big increase in people coming to the mission’s lobby and courtyard, where they can access air conditioning, cold water, showers, misters and shade.

ER visits for heat in general on the rise

It’s not just the unhoused — people with housing account for the vast majority of heat-related visits to the ER.

According to publicly available data, emergency room visits have been steadily rising with the heat in July and August across much of Southern California.

In L.A. County, most of the cases involve adults over 65 and people in the hottest areas, said Dr. Nichole Quick,  chief science officer at the county’s Public Health Department.

In Riverside County, meanwhile, the most affected group showing up in the data are men between 18 and 44.

“In the Coachella Valley especially, we have large farm worker populations,” said Dr. Shunling Tsang, the county’s deputy public health officer.

Emergency room visits have been steadily rising during the hotter months, according to L.A. County's public health data dashboard.

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Courtesy L.A. County Department of Public Health

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Having more detailed data can help improve public health responses, since every community is different, said Dr. David Eisenman, who developed ZIP code level data of excess ER visits due to heat from 2008 to 2018.

And as human-caused climate change drives up average temperatures and worsens heat waves, that work will only become more urgent.

In Riverside County, middle-aged men in the Coachella Valley are most impacted by heat illness, likely reflecting the experience of farmworkers.

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Courtesy Riverside University Health System

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“That way city officials, public health departments, emergency planners, also parks and recreation people can make informed decisions about where they want to prioritize putting their resources,” he said.

Still, such data remains limited — community health centers and other clinics that primarily serve low-income households are not part of that public health data, Saha said.

“Just being able to track what is happening in a range of different health facilities,” he said, “would really give us a much better picture of who is at risk and what we can do for them.”

Top L.A. homeless service executives approved at least $3.5 million in taxpayer contracts to a nonprofit even after their agency’s compliance team flagged the group as high-risk for failing to do its job, according to an LAist review of public records.

The contract approvals by the L.A. Homeless Services Authority, known as LAHSA, took place over several months in 2024, records show. The group’s leader, Alex Soofer, was charged with fraud earlier this year. Prosecutors allege he illegally pocketed at least $10 million in homelessness funds that flowed through LAHSA to his now-defunct nonprofit, Abundant Blessings, and his for-profit company, Abundant Blessings From Above.

Prosecutors allege he used a fake board and a shell construction company to siphon taxpayer money from LAHSA into buying a $7 million Westwood house, a $125,000 Range Rover, private school tuition, private jet travel and luxury resort stays. Soofer has pleaded not guilty. When LAist reached him by phone, he declined to comment for this story, citing the ongoing case. He agreed to pay LAHSA $1.25 million, without admitting wrongdoing.

LAHSA is a joint city-county agency, overseen by a 10-person governing commission that is half appointed by L.A. Mayor Karen Bass and half appointed by each of the five county supervisors. Bass appointed herself to the commission in fall 2023 after winning an election where she promised voters that solving homelessness would be her top priority. She is the only elected official on the commission.

A headshot of Alex Soofer posted by federal prosecutors on the social media site X.

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First Assistant U.S. Attorney Bill Essayli via X

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The records show that in 2024, LAHSA's leadership at the time kept steering taxpayer dollars to Soofer's group well after major red flags emerged. The agency continued awarding new six- and seven-figure contracts even after it formally designated the nonprofit as delinquent and "High-Risk." They also show auditors found LAHSA broke federal law by taking eight months to alert federal funders after obtaining credible evidence of possible crimes.

LAist obtained the documents through public records requests this year that produced more than 7,000 pages of records.

Among what LAist found in the records:

• Nonprofits paid by LAHSA are required to update a central database after sheltering or housing people. Records show LAHSA continued to pay out contracts to Abundant Blessings for more than a year despite the group having “no enrolled participants to provide rental assistance to.”

• In fall 2023, LAHSA approved and paid about $117,000 to Abundant Blessings for alleged renovation expenses that were not allowed in its contracts, according to later findings by LAHSA. Invoices for those bills paid by LAHSA show the money was going through the group to Franklin Lincoln Construction. Franklin Lincoln Construction’s only associated person — per its business registration available online at the time — was the nonprofit’s leader, Soofer. Prosecutors allege Franklin Lincoln Construction’s bank account was a key vehicle Soofer used to siphon millions in homelessness dollars from LAHSA into his own pockets.

By spring 2024, a warning was flagged high-up at LAHSA, according to records and a senior official at the time.

Even after that, millions of dollars in new contracts continued to be awarded to the group.

The ‘High-Risk’ warning — and then approval of millions more dollars

The warning was direct. On May 6, 2024, LAHSA’s top two compliance officials issued a “delinquency notice” to Soofer declaring Abundant Blessings to be “High-Risk” and citing "significant concerns.”

The nonprofit, they wrote, had failed to follow key requirements on four contracts that were examined, including billing and getting paid the previous year despite not reporting that they had served anyone.

The delinquency concerns were flagged up the chain at the time to Janine Trejo, LAHSA’s chief financial officer who oversaw compliance and contracting, according to Amy Williams, who co-authored the delinquency notice as LAHSA’s director of compliance at the time.

Janine Trejo, LAHSA's former chief financial officer, speaks at a LAHSA Commission meeting on April 25, 2025.

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Samanta Helou Hernandez

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LAist

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A few weeks later, Trejo was CC’ed on a staff recommendation from the administration of LAHSA’s then-CEO Va Lecia Adams Kellum for LAHSA’s governing commission to authorize more than $2 million in contract renewals to Abundant Blessings, using county funds, for the next fiscal year as part of a larger set of approvals. The recommendation did not note the known concerns.

The contract renewals came up for a vote at the LAHSA Commission meeting on May 24, 2024 — a couple of weeks after the “High-Risk” letter was sent to Soofer. Trejo was among the executives who spoke to commissioners when it was up for approval.

A commissioner asked how LAHSA is providing oversight to ensure people received the services that the agency was paying for.

“ What we've heard, in at least one case, is that people aren't getting the services that on paper they are told — and we are told — they are supposed to be getting,” said county supervisor and then-LAHSA Commissioner Lindsey Horvath. She was referring to complaints about a different nonprofit where the husband of the agency’s CEO at the time, Adams Kellum, worked as an executive.

A LAHSA staffer, sitting next to Trejo, responded by reassuring commissioners that LAHSA monitors how providers are performing.

The concerns about Abundant Blessings were not noted by Trejo or anyone else during the discussion, according to the meeting video.

In response to the staff’s recommendation, the commissioners voted to authorize Adams Kellum to finalize the $2.6 million in contract renewals to Abundant Blessings.

Va Lecia Adams Kellum, former CEO of LAHSA, speaks during a press conference on Monday, July 14, 2025, in Los Angeles.

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Luke Johnson/Los Angeles Times via Getty Imag

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Los Angeles Times

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Asked about how LAHSA handled red flags surrounding Soofer, Williams said the delinquency concerns were not treated by her superiors “with the gravitas that it needed.”

Williams added that Trejo “was not very well-seasoned” when Adams Kellum placed her in LAHSA’s top finance job. Trejo “got thrust into this position as the CFO” with much more responsibility than her previous position, Williams added.

Trejo and Adams Kellum have not responded to requests for comment. Spokespeople for LAHSA have not answered whether Adams Kellum or LAHSA’s governing commissioners were told at the time of the delinquency concerns with Abundant Blessings, before they acted to award the group millions in additional contracts. Bass’ office told LAist she and her staff were not aware at the time.

Williams also said it was unclear why Abundant Blessings got new work out of the roughly 100 service providers LAHSA was working with at the time. Abundant Blessings was “never seen as a stellar agency, like the top agencies that really get the work done,” she said.

“[Soofer] got by us with a few things, and I think he got really emboldened and started trying to do even more,” she added.

An LAist review of LAHSA records shows Trejo, LAHSA’s chief financial officer at the time, did not describe herself as having the education or experience listed in LAHSA’s qualifications for the job. The job description called for a “bachelor's degree in accounting, finance, management, with an MBA and/or CPA” and minimum class units in accounting. Trejo’s resume and cover letter list no such education, saying she has a bachelor’s in cultural anthropology.

Trejo remained LAHSA’s chief financial officer until she left the agency late last month after being on leave for much of this year. LAHSA spokespeople declined to comment on why she was on leave. LAHSA human resources records, obtained by LAist, through a public records request, show multiple employees, including at least one subordinate, complained about how Trejo was treating them. It’s not clear whether the complaints or investigation are related to Trejo’s leave.

An outside review commissioned by LAHSA, conducted this spring and dated this month, found its finance and payment processes continued to be “fragmented” and rife with “breakdowns” that have made it time-consuming for LAHSA itself to even know how much it’s paid individual vendors.

Trejo was selected as CFO, where she oversaw LAHSA’s compliance team, by Adams Kellum. She was promoted after Adams Kellum fired LAHSA’s prior CFO, whom LAHSA later agreed to pay $450,000 to settle claims that included allegations Adams Kellum was hiring under-qualified friends into high level roles.

Bass’ office also directed new funds after ‘High-Risk’ letter

The May 2024 LAHSA Commission vote wasn’t the only granting of new dollars to the group after the letter raised red flags.

On June 7, 2024 — a month after the “High-Risk” letter — the mayor’s office instructed the city to fund a new LAHSA contract with Abundant Blessings for Bass’ main homelessness program, Inside Safe — a program Adams Kellum had designed at the mayor’s request.

Adams Kellum’s signature finalized that contract later in June for about $250,000, for about a month and a half of security, food and other services at two motels in the city.

A spokesperson for Bass said the mayor and her office were “absolutely not” aware of any potential misconduct by Abundant Blessings at the time they directed the funding. The letter directing the funding was signed by Bass’ chief homelessness official at the time, Lourdes Castro Ramirez. Castro Ramirez told LAist she was “not aware of any concerns” regarding Abundant Blessings at the time.

Asked if LAHSA leadership should have told the mayor’s staff, Bass’ office replied: “Yes. And to reiterate, the Mayor does not tolerate fraud or corruption in any form.”

It’s unclear what expectations, if any, the mayor had previously set for Adams Kellum or LAHSA to notify her office about known concerns with vendors being considered for additional funding. Bass’ office has not responded to a follow-up question about this.

Bass’ office chose Abundant Blessings from a list of previously-approved, competitively-chosen service providers “that LAHSA had indicated had the capacity,” said Ahmad Chapman, a spokesperson for the current LAHSA administration headed by Interim CEO Gita O’Neill.

As for why LAHSA told the mayor’s office that Abundant Blessings had capacity to take on more Inside Safe sites — despite the red flags — Chapman said in a statement: “At the time, LAHSA's structure hindered internal communications regarding Abundant Blessings, leading to an errant contract recommendation.”

“LAHSA has since undergone several structural changes,” said the written response, issued last month. Those changes, according to the statement, include “consolidating key departments and implementing protocols to ensure any high-risk provider is flagged agency-wide and to key funders to reduce the threat to public funds.”

The taxpayer money Bass’ office directed in June 2024 was supposed to help people living at two motels in El Sereno and Boyle Heights, records show. The contract required Abundant Blessings to provide 24/7 security, twice-daily welfare checks and three daily meals, among other services.

That month, the nonprofit fed instant ramen to people staying at the two Inside Safe motels, a violation of the contract, according to the federal criminal complaint against Soofer. During that same month, prosecutors say he “and his family spent more than $100,000 on what appears to be personal expenses, including more than $47,000 in luxury home purchases,” $15,000 each at luxury retailers Hermes and Chanel and $4,500 “for a four-night stay at the Wynn Las Vegas.”

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A screenshot of the federal criminal complaint showing retail website photos of the $1,400 sandals they allege Alex Soofer and his wife bought with tax dollars.

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Criminal complaint from the U.S. Attorney's office

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Food quality at Inside Safe sites was previously flagged as a concern by advocates. A little over a year earlier, a group called Inside Starving held a news conference urging the mayor to address what they alleged was inadequate food.

In July 2025, just over a year after directing further funds to Abundant Blessings, Adams Kellum stepped down as LAHSA CEO to public praise from Bass, who celebrated Adams Kellum’s leadership. Adams Kellum announced her plans to resign several months earlier, in the wake of county leaders deciding to pull out all county service dollars from LAHSA because of oversight concerns.

“Thank you so much Mayor Bass! It has been the honor of my life to serve under your leadership,” Adams Kellum wrote to Bass in April 2025, days after announcing her plans to step down.

Yet more red flags, and then more contracts

More red flags emerged the month after Bass’ office directed the Inside Safe contract.

In mid-July 2024, L.A. City Controller Kenneth Mejia’s office notified LAHSA it was launching a fraud investigation into Abundant Blessings, after a site visit found the group was serving almost entirely instant ramen noodles at the two Inside Safe motels.

LAHSA also received a demand that month from an apartment complex owner who said Abundant Blessings had failed to pay them about half a year of rent for 10 people, according to later written findings by LAHSA, which say the allegations were verified.

And on July 30, 2024, LAHSA emailed Abundant Blessings a report laying out further "significant" concerns from their compliance review looking back well over a year. Those concerns included a “misallocation” of about $700,000. And for the entire 2023 calendar year on a contract, the report says, "there were no enrolled participants to provide financial assistance to, but throughout that period, [Abundant Blessings] continued to bill for costs."

Adams Kellum was CC’ed on the email flagging those concerns.

New commitments of public money kept getting approved.

In the first half of August 2024, LAHSA finalized five contracts and renewals with Abundant Blessings, totaling more than $3 million, according to a list LAist obtained from LAHSA through a public records request. Adams Kellum’s signature executed the four agreements that have been disclosed so far by LAHSA. LAist has an outstanding request for the fifth.

Among the contract finalizations was one on Aug. 15, 2024, that increased the Inside Safe contract with Abundant Blessings by about $770,000, to extend it for three months. The contract records show Adams Kellum’s signature finalizing it and Trejo’s signature under the words “Approved Generally by.”

Failure to promptly report credible evidence of possible crimes, per auditors

By Aug. 23, 2024, LAHSA had obtained credible evidence of possible federal crimes, auditors later found. Federal law requires LAHSA to “promptly” report that to its funders at the federal housing agency HUD and its watchdog arm, the HUD Office of Inspector General (OIG), auditors wrote. But LAHSA failed to do so, the audit found.

The disclosure was “not made until approximately eight months after LAHSA first obtained credible evidence of the suspected violations,” the audit states. The disclosure was made on April 25, 2025, per the audit.

"LAHSA did not have formal policies and procedures in place to guide the timing and process for making [the] mandatory disclosures” required by law, the auditors wrote.

LAHSA’s management wrote that they did not disagree with the findings.

In October 2024, LAHSA canceled its contracts with Abundant Blessings. It was well over a year after the group started billing on a contract despite having no one enrolled to be served, according to LAHSA’s findings. LAHSA made $1.5 million in direct payments to the group after sending the “High-Risk” delinquency letter to Soofer. About $771,000 of that was paid after the date auditors say LAHSA obtained credible evidence of possible crimes, records show.

LAHSA also approved an additional $447,000 in payments to Soofer’s for-profit company — Abundant Blessings From Above — as a subcontractor from late August 2024 to January 2025, all after the date auditors say LAHSA obtained credible evidence of possible crimes, according to LAHSA records.

Altogether, LAHSA paid $5 million to Soofer’s nonprofit through direct contracts starting in 2023, according to LAHSA data and prosecutors. His for-profit company received more than $17 million in additional LAHSA funds as a subcontractor of another nonprofit, Special Service for Groups, starting years earlier in 2018, according to prosecutors.

LAHSA took much longer to review compliance than other agencies

Other agencies say they review homeless service providers’ performance much more frequently.

Denver officials check homeless service providers’ performance data daily — including occupancy of shelter beds, according to information shared at an L.A. summit last month.

L.A. County’s homeless services director, Sarah Mahin, said that on a daily basis, the county sends to their providers a data snapshot that flags where performance metrics are not being met. Starting last month, her county department has taken over the hundreds of millions of dollars the county had been sending to LAHSA each year. City dollars have remained at LAHSA under city budgets proposed by Bass and approved by the City Council.

This June, federal officials announced they were suspending all federal dollars to LAHSA, citing Abundant Blessings as one of a number of failings by the agency. A judge recently paused the federal suspension, saying LAHSA “may be dysfunctional," but that federal officials had “abruptly” pulled the rug from under providers who serve thousands of people.

In response to the federal suspension, Bass’ office said she had previously directed the city to evaluate how to move away from LAHSA.

“Mayor Bass, too, has grave concerns about LAHSA and zero tolerance for mismanagement and negligence, which is why she previously directed the City to evaluate how to move away from the agency,” the mayor’s office said in its June 11 statement reacting to the federal suspension.

A spokesperson for Bass told LAist the mayor’s directive was to the city’s housing department and other city departments, “to develop options to transition away from LAHSA.”

LAist followed up with the housing department’s press office for more information. A spokesperson for the housing department declined to confirm whether the mayor gave such a directive at all. And in response to a public records request, the department told LAist it has no record of such a directive.

Bass’ office hasn’t responded to follow-up requests for comment on whether the mayor did in fact make the directive her office had claimed.

A settlement deal

In response to a demand from LAHSA, records show Soofer and LAHSA agreed last November that he and his nonprofit would pay the agency $1.25 million,in exchange for LAHSA giving up the ability to seek more money from him or Abundant Blessings. The agreement says both Soofer and LAHSA “deny any fault.”

The agreement includes a non-disparagement clause that says LAHSA shall not “make any statements—oral, written, or electronic—that disparage” Soofer or Abundant Blessings, and vice versa.

The signature line for O’Neill — LAHSA’s interim CEO — does not show a signature, while the electronic signature history says she signed it.

“LAHSA’s agreement with Abundant Blessings assured that $1.2 million in documented disallowed costs were repaid,” said Chapman, the LAHSA spokesperson. “LAHSA remains committed to assisting in any ongoing law enforcement investigations.”

Reactions from other elected officials

Several elected officials said LAist’s findings about LAHSA’s handling of Abundant Blessings show the need for a major overhaul of oversight.

“LAHSA needs deep reform of its compliance and finance functions. Its leadership must make that reform a priority — and deliver it,” said county Supervisor Kathryn Barger.

“I have no idea why LAHSA continued sending funds to this organization months after staff raised these serious red flags,” said Supervisor Janice Hahn.

“It sounds like the right hand didn’t know what the left hand was doing,” she added. “It is decisions like this that have undermined the public’s trust in LAHSA and why my colleagues and I made the decision to pull the County’s funding.”

Citing concerns about oversight failings at LAHSA, county supervisors decided in spring 2025 to pull the county’s homeless service dollars out of LAHSA and instead have the county oversee it directly.

Supervisor Holly Mitchell told LAist that the Abundant Blessings case “serves as an example of the need for LAHSA and all entities involved to continue strengthening oversight in its contracting.”

L.A. City Councilmember Nithya Raman chaired the council’s homelessness committee for the last several years, where she supported continued city funding of LAHSA. She shifted this spring to calling for the city to transition out of LAHSA after she started running for mayor against Bass, her former ally.

Los Angeles City Councilmember Nithya Raman, left, talks with L.A. Mayor Karen Bass at Hazeltine Park in Sherman Oaks in 2024.

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Mel Melcon/Los Angeles Times via Getty Imag

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Los Angeles Times

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Raman said LAist’s findings underscore why it’s important for the city to also transition away from LAHSA.

“Public trust depends on rigorous oversight, timely disclosure of problems, and clear accountability when taxpayer dollars are at risk, and these allegations underscore why the status quo at LAHSA was unsustainable,” Raman said.

“We need systems that surface problems immediately, protect public funds, and ensure that organizations failing to meet their obligations are no longer entrusted with scarce homelessness resources.”

A pattern of broader problems at LAHSA

In addition to the review finalized this month that found ongoing problems with LAHSA’s finance and payment processes, an outside audit found that LAHSA had a “significant” problem with inaccurate financial statements for the fiscal year ending June 2025.

Last month, LAist reported that LAHSA had gone years without completing any internal audits, which are widely considered essential for protecting taxpayer dollars, since they flag risky practices.

It’s a problem that was flagged years ago by a 2024 county audit, which faulted LAHSA for failing to complete internal audits. That raises the risk of fraud, the county auditors wrote.

Additional reviews in 2023 and 2025 found that LAHSA had a broader problem of not ensuring service providers logged their services into the same central database where Abundant Blessings wasn’t entering anyone as being served under certain contracts. The 2025 review, overseen by a federal judge, found that the broader reporting problem “may have stemmed from insufficient communication and lack of clarity surrounding reporting requirements and deadlines.”

What’s next?

Another ongoing audit, expected to wrap in the coming weeks, is reviewing whether top LAHSA officials followed proper procedures when signing and delegating contracts. It began after LAist reported that Adams Kellum’s signature finalized a $2.1 million contract with her husband’s employer.

That reporting prompted the state’s Fair Political Practices Commission to investigate whether Adams Kellum violated conflict-of-interest laws. Her signature as LAHSA’s CEO at the time also finalized a contract with a nonprofit she had led until two months before the signature. State law bars officials from involvement in contracting with entities that recently paid them $500 or more, or their spouses $1,000 or more.

This week, Stephanie Graves — a Bass appointee who now chairs the LAHSA Commission — proposed removing the commission’s audit committee chair, Justin Szlasa, who has pushed for LAHSA to improve its practices and complete its internal audits. Szlasa — an appointee of county Supervisor Barger — would be replaced by a Bass appointee. No explanation for replacing Szlasa is provided in the written recommendation, which is up for approval by the commission on Friday.

Graves has not answered a voicemail and text message from LAist asking why she wants to remove Szlasa. She responded with a text saying, “It’s the chair prerogative.”

As for Soofer, early this year, federal and county prosecutors announced the criminal charges against him. The amount he’s accused of diverting is enough to house about 200 families for two years under a city-funded rental subsidy program through LAHSA, which cost about $24,000 per year per household.

Soofer is currently out on bail. His travel has been restricted by the court, and he has obtained the court’s permission to sell a building that LAHSA found he wrongfully charged taxpayers to renovate.

His trial is scheduled to start Nov. 10.