The Brief

The Los Angeles County Department of Public Health is reporting two more cases of locally-acquired dengue this week, bringing our total in the county to eight.

The new cases of the mosquito-borne disease were found in Baldwin Park, bringing the total number in that area to five. Officials only discovered the first case of locally-acquired dengue last month. And until last year, the state never had a local case, making this small outbreak a concern.

To try and halt further spread of dengue — which can cause high fever, vomiting, headaches and other symptoms — the San Gabriel Valley Vector Control District recently sprayed insecticide in El Monte, Baldwin Park and West Covina neighborhoods. LAist rode along on a recent treatment to understand what the process is like.

How crews set up to spray

I met up with a crew from the San Gabriel Valley Vector Control District. On this night, we drove around a neighborhood in El Monte to spray insecticides after a locally-acquired case was found there.

The local catch means there is at least one Aedes mosquito flying around infected with dengue. And it’s likely there are multiple that have the disease given how mosquitoes populate.

At the district’s headquarters in West Covina, the crew prepared a fresh batch of larvicide to try and kill the pesky biters. Stephen Gallegos, a vector control specialist, walked me through the process.

“So we’re going to start mixing pretty soon and get the guys rallied up,” Gallegos said. “It’s going to be a mix of VectoBac WDG, also with water.”

The crew sets up the tanks and tubes that transfer the insecticide to the water.

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Cato Hernández

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LAist

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The WDG is short for water-dispersible granules. Gallegos said it doesn’t dissolve fully in the water, so they have to stop it from settling in the container. They use a high-powered agitator to blend the solution, which runs at (a very loud) 2,600 RPM.

Gallegos and his team used this solution with the goal of trying to hit the infected Aedes mosquitoes.

Dengue can cause symptoms like fevers, headaches, pain behind the eyes, joint and muscle pain, rash, and even mild bleeding. About 1 in 20 cases develop serious disease symptoms. While the risk to the public is still considered low, the recent crop of San Gabriel Valley cases has officials concerned.

That’s where the insecticides come in.

This mix is one of two they use to target mosquitoes at different life stages. They’re applied using a truck-mounted machine that sprays out very small droplets of the insecticide.

Gallegos was handed bags of what looked like fine dirt. He poured it into a big spout next to their truck, and it filtered out slowly — almost like an hourglass. The powder was then transported through a hose where it stayed on the truck in the water tank.

Then, it was off to El Monte.

Beginning the spray

Anthony Bishop is a vector control specialist who helped lead the crew. At our neighborhood starting point, he held up a small device that told him the direction of the wind, speed, and temperature.

“We need at least one mile an hour of wind for our products to get it to carry,” Bishop said.

This is the device the crews use to test wind speed.

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Cato Hernández

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Sometimes, they do multiple checks during the treatment, but that first reading gave them a greenlight to begin spraying the neighborhood.

Speed is the name of the game here. Their trucks get equipped with radar equipment that monitors their speed, which then adjusts the spray’s flow rate up and down.

For the larvicide, they had to drive about 10 mph for it to spray properly. The adulticide is even slower at 6 mph.

“That’s the one that takes a little bit longer and a bit gruesome to do,” Bishop said.

They followed routes that took them up and down residential streets multiple times. Anais Medina Diaz, a spokesperson for the district, said guidance states that Aedes mosquitoes travel 150 meters.

“We use sort of that kind of flight range to determine where the immediate response is needed,” she said.

However, in this case, the teams are spraying more than that. Part of that is because the machines require a larger amount of insecticide to work, but it also helps the district establish a larger radius of protection. On this night, they covered about 400 acres — driving through alleys, neighborhood streets and a couple commercial centers.

The safety measures

As I followed behind in my car, I had to wear personal protective equipment (PPE) anytime I wanted to step out and observe the spraying, which went off into the air like those outdoor restaurant misters on a hot day.

The crew had PPE on too because overexposure to pesticides can be harmful.

That’s partly why they apply the spray at night. It’s better for windflow. It’s also safer for dormant, beneficial insects like bees and butterflies. And it’s better for humans because most people are asleep.

Medina Diaz said it’s all about weighing the public health risk against the side effects of pesticides.

“In general, residents don’t have to worry about the pesticide,” she said. “We’re really using a spoonful of product to a football field.”

The adulticide dissipates in the sunlight, she added, and the larvicide is approved for use on organic products.

There is debate on how effective spraying is in preventing disease outbreaks, but studies have shown that it can help. The strategy is also recommended by the CDC and EPA. It’s part of a range of methods vector control districts use to prevent the spread of mosquito-borne diseases, including backpack treatments, mosquito testing and door-to-door education.

Medina Diaz said that if you’ve not yet picked up insect repellent, it’s time to do so. The district recommends one with DEET, picaridin, IR3535, or oil lemon eucalyptus.

“These Aedes mosquitoes are no joke,” she said. “They will bite through your clothing. They will bite through the repellent if it doesn't have enough of the active ingredient.”

As federal officials suspend funding to L.A.’s main homelessness agency — citing mismanagement — a recent audit found the agency did not spend tens of millions of dollars allocated to it.

The audit found the L.A. Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA) underspent its overall budget by $108 million in the last fiscal year ending in June 2025, mainly because of “program delays.” The year before, the underspend was nearly $150 million. Some of it was carried forward to future years, auditors wrote.

Specifically to federal dollars, the audit shows LAHSA spent at least $7 million less than it had budgeted last fiscal year. LAHSA had budgeted $61.5 million in such dollars. It spent only about $49 million to $54.4 million, per the audit.

Underspending at LAHSA was called out more than four years ago, in a January 2022 audit that found the agency left $3.5 million in federal grants on the table by not using them.

A spokesperson for LAHSA has not responded to a request for comment.

LAHSA is governed by a 10-member commission that is half appointed by L.A. Mayor Karen Bass, and half appointed by each of the five county supervisors. Bass has served on the commission since she appointed herself to it in fall 2023.

Bass’ office said in a statement that the mayor “has grave concerns about LAHSA and zero tolerance for mismanagement and negligence.” The federal money suspension puts lives and progress on homelessness at risk, the statement added.

The mayor’s office statement says the mayor “previously directed the city to evaluate how to move away from the agency.”

When the City Council considered in March whether to withdraw the city’s funds from LAHSA and instead have the city directly oversee the dollars, Bass cautioned that the city first would need “a serious, thoughtful transition plan,” adding that “the last thing we need is a new department and more bureaucracy.”

Spokespeople for the county supervisors have not returned messages for comment on the underspending.

City of L.A. also underspends

The city of L.A. also has been underspending its homelessness budget — to the tune of $513 million in Bass’ first full fiscal year as mayor that ended June 2024, according to an analysis later that year by City Controller Kenneth Mejia’s office.

Federal officials cited that in their letter Thursday as one of many reasons for their suspension of funds to LAHSA. The letter incorrectly attributed the full underspend to LAHSA. The findings were instead about the city’s overall homelessness spending, a portion of which goes to LAHSA.

Spokespeople for HUD have not responded to an emailed request about the inaccuracy.

A controller’s analysis for the following fiscal year, ending June 2025, found the city again underspent its homelessness budget, by at least $473 million.

“Breaking City Hall from its decades old dysfunctional system is how we finally brought homelessness down by 17%,” Bass said in a statement at the time. “I’m glad to support the controller’s recommendations to further reform the status quo.”

Other problems found in audit

The federally required audit, known as a single audit, must be done each year by an accounting firm hired by LAHSA.

The latest one, finalized last month and covering the fiscal year that ended last June, found failures surrounding poor bookkeeping and accounting of taxpayer money at the agency — which spent over $800 million in public funds last fiscal year.

The agency’s financial statements initially included “significant” inaccurate amounts that needed to be adjusted late in the audit process, the auditors found.

It found the inaccuracies stemmed from a "significant deficiency” in LAHSA’s “internal controls,” which are supposed to safeguard against financial inaccuracies and fraud.

Vacant tax-funded apartments

LAist reported Thursday that LAHSA has been using tax dollars to pay for more than 250 empty apartments as part of an initiative Mayor Karen Bass introduced years ago to make housing readily available to unhoused people. That’s just over a third of the units in the strategy, known as master leasing, according to an LAist review of official data.

The vacancies have been tying up tax dollars — largely overseen by the county — that could house hundreds of people in other approaches, according to official financial data.

Other funds leaving LAHSA

In response to previous audits that found major problems with LAHSA’s oversight of tax dollars, county supervisors decided last spring to withdraw all of the county’s $300 million-plus in annual funding of services through LAHSA and instead have the county directly manage it starting July 1.

Problems identified in the latest audit reiterate why the county pulled its funding, Supervisor Kathryn Barger said in a statement Monday.

The city is considering moving in a similar direction as the county. A key City Council panel — its homelessness committee — recently recommended the full council start shifting city homelessness funding out of LAHSA over the course of the next fiscal year. Bass urged caution, saying moving too quickly to shift funding could disrupt services for unhoused people.

LAHSA has long functioned as the L.A.’s homeless services department, with over $300 million in city money expected to flow through LAHSA this fiscal year.

A cookie business with well over a dozen flavors ranging from Mexican hot chocolate to mango sticky rice? How very L.A.! Lei’d Cookies started as a pandemic pop-up. Nowadays, you'll find them in the Culver City Arts District.

About the owner

Baker and owner Leilani Terris posing, holding two cookies from Lei’d Cookies.

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Courtesy Leilani Terris

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Co-owner Leilani Terris originally thought she'd become a physical therapist. After applying to school, she took a gap year, taught herself to bake and connected with co-owner James Lewis to start their cookie business.

Terris sat down with Austin Cross, who hosts AirTalk every Friday, to explain how their cookies take customers on a bite-sized journey to other countries.

What's the best way to experience Lei'd Cookies?

Add ice cream to a warm cookie at their Culver City shop. If you want a more communal experience, take a trip with a group of friends to Smorgasburg L.A., which takes place every Sunday in downtown L.A.

Known for international flavors

Terris wants customers to get a taste of other cultures. Lei'd Cookies has put a spin on ghriba, a type of shortbread cookie from Morocco, and spicy Mexican hot chocolate.

Bakery details

• Although Terris didn't start with professional culinary experience, her co-owner, James Lewis, worked in restaurant management for years prior to opening.
• They joined Smorgasburg L.A.'s list of vendors in 2021.
• Lei'd Cookies opened its brick-and-mortar in Culver City in 2023.

Cookies we tried

• Orange Date Blossom Cookie (Ghriba inspired and includes apricot jam and walnuts)
• Mayan (cinnamon, cayenne, and chocolate from Tabasco, Mexico)
• Mango Sticky Rice
• Guava and Goat Cheese (their best-seller)

What should we try next?

Southern Californians could face floods and fires this year.

A hot, dry winter has led to fires already, and experts said Friday at a news conference in Los Angeles that that is projected to continue.

Different from previous wildfire seasons, though, experts are also closely watching El Niño, a powerful weather pattern that causes changes in winds and ocean temperatures.

“California is faced with multiple disasters, whether it be fires, floods, hazardous material incidents,” said Brian Marshall, fire and rescue chief with the California Office of Emergency Services. Marshall said the El Niño “could impact fires and could impact flooding across the state.”

The National Weather Service is predicting a 63% chance of a “very strong” El Niño from November to January. It could be one of the most powerful since 1950, according to the weather service’s Climate Prediction Center.

Heavy El Niño storms could trigger flash flooding and debris flows in wildfire burn scar areas.

The effects of the rapidly developing El Niño on this year’s wildfire season remain uncertain, and experts urged residents to stay vigilant.

“Even very strong El Niño events do not lead to the expected impact everywhere,” according to the Climate Prediction Center.

William Deverell, director of the Huntington-USC Institute on California and the West, said more rain can also increase plant growth, which can eventually dry out and create more fuel for fires.

Robert Garcia, fire chief in the Angeles National Forest, said the recent Burro Fire provided “some indicators of what may be ahead” as vegetation starts to dry. The Burro Fire charred 30 acres and burned for about a week in May in the San Gabriel Mountains north of Glendora.

What you can do to stay safe

Fire officials advised people to create defensible space around their homes by clearing it of dry vegetation and other flammable materials.

Pre-fire conditions, including the abundance of dry vegetation, were “dominant drivers” of burn severity in the Eaton, Palisades and Hughes fires in January 2025, according to a new study led by San Diego State University in collaboration with NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory researchers.

“Regions like Los Angeles … have a lot of human populations who are living closer to these environments that are susceptible to wildfires,” said Madeleine Pascolini-Campbell, a scientist at JPL and a co-author of the study.

Beyond fire prevention, defensible space also helps firefighters enter properties to extinguish flames.

“Wind-driven, ember-casting wildfires moving through a community without defensible space makes it very difficult for us to be able to combat those fires,” Los Angeles Fire Chief Jaime E. Moore said at the news conference. “It makes it unsafe for our firefighters and those that are working hard to protect your home.”

Los Angeles Unified has renamed two campuses previously named for Cesar Chavez. The move follows a New York Times investigation that found the famed labor leader sexually abused girls and women.

The board voted to rename the schools Friday following town hall meetings and a vote among staff, students and parents at each campus.

Cesar Chavez Learning Academies in San Fernando is now Arroyo High School, and Cesar Chavez Elementary School is now Oakland Street Elementary School.

How did the change come together?

A March New York Times investigation found survivors of Chavez’s abuse included United Farm Workers co-founder Dolores Huerta. The LAUSD Board voted unanimously a week later to begin a renaming process for the two campuses after a consultation with the schools’ communities.

With one exception, none of the other prospective names were associated with specific people.

Arroyo High School

Previously called: Cesar E. Chavez Learning Academy

Other names considered:

• Valley High School
• Rudy Acuña High School (Rodolfo "Rudy" Acuña is a Chicano studies scholar who died earlier this year at age 93.)

The vote: Arroyo High earned 557 of 1,063 votes, and was the most popular choice among each of students, parents and staff. It’s based on the street where the school is located. (“Arroyo” is Spanish for “creek.”)

Oakland Street Elementary School

Previously called: Cesar Chavez Elementary School

Other names considered: 

• Eagles Elementary
• Arroyo Elementary

The vote: Oakland Street Elementary received 211 out of 314 votes, and was the favorite among each of students, parents and staff.

What's next?

The district has designated $209,000 for renovations associated with the name changes, including changing signs and marquees.

The single largest cost is refurbishing the high school’s hardwood gym floor, which will cost an estimated $120,000. Other significant costs include removing and replacing metal lettering on the front of the high school for $25,000, as well as removing and replacing crash pads and banners in the gym for $30,000.

Have other thoughts on school names?

Senior editor Ross Brenneman contributed to this story.