The Brief

Your trash, or the place where it ends up, is one of the most serious contributors to global warming. After livestock, landfills are the second-largest source of methane emissions in California, responsible for more than 20% of the state’s output.

That’s why the California Air Resources Board took action Thursday to monitor and capture landfill gases.

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that is generated from the breakdown of waste. Even though it’s a short-lived climate pollutant compared to long-lasting carbon dioxide, it severely exacerbates human-caused climate change.

The new rules will eventually require landfill operators to take action when a satellite or airplane detects a methane leak, improve routine leak monitoring and reporting and mandate stronger action on recurring issues. The protections will add to a suite of regulations the state passed in 2010, which made California the first state to develop stricter standards than the federal government.

“This is another example of California’s leadership in reducing emissions and harmful climate-warming pollutants across all sources. With these updates, California will be able to more efficiently and effectively monitor methane sources to detect and remedy leaks quickly,” CARB Chair Lauren Sanchez said in a press release.

The board reported that the state’s methane satellite, which passes by four to five times a week, has helped stop 10 large leaks since May.

“We believe that many operators would be interested in adopting these technologies to reduce the need for costly labor, especially as the number of mature technologies increases over time,” said air resources engineer Quinn Langfitt, who introduced the regulator’s proposal at a public hearing on Thursday.

The changes, which will affect 188 landfills in the state, are part of meeting the state’s goal to reduce methane emissions by 40% below 2013 levels by 2030.

Officials said the new rules could reduce landfill emissions by 427,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year. They would create $34 million in social benefits and cost landfills around $12 million, with the largest bearing the brunt of the price tag.

A recent report backed up the agency’s findings: By 2050, landfill emissions could be reduced by more than half and up to 64% by the end of the century, according to a March analysis by Industrious Labs. The group noted that California landfills emit 7.2 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent of methane annually, which has “the same climate impact as driving 1.7 million cars for one year.”

But even though the board passed the new rules, they won’t go into effect immediately; staff will need to address a slew of clarifying questions raised by the public and board members during the hearing.

CARB board member Diane Takvorian supported the rule but pushed for a public-facing dashboard to show when and where emissions plumes are detected.

“People are asking for basic information,” Takvorian said, noting that technology is moving fast and that people need information now, not in years. She and others recommended an 18-month technology review after the rule goes into effect. They also suggested that the state and landfills share any data with the public as soon as possible.

“If we have the data, we should share it,” board member Hector De La Torre said.

John Kennedy, senior policy advocate for the Rural County Representatives of California, said he is “supportive of efforts to reduce emissions.” His group represents more than two-thirds of the landfills to which the standards would apply. Kennedy wants to ensure that the implementation is feasible for local governments “while protecting the communities that are close to those landfills.”

A spokesperson from Waste Management, which does business as WM, representing facilities across the state, thanked staff for the updated plan, but said he hopes they will work with the industry on site-specific conditions, which of the new rules are “necessary and useful to diagnose conditions,” and a framework for using alternative monitoring technologies.

Multiple residents from the Los Angeles community of Val Verde attended the meeting. They said they have suffered because of widespread noxious odors and hazardous gas emissions from the Chiquita Canyon Landfill in recent years. Brandi Howse, who spoke during public comment, said she has lived about 1,000 feet from the landfill for 27 years.

Howse said she has experienced clouds of methane and other gases at her home.

“You become dizzy, disoriented, nauseous. You get headaches, burning sinuses and bloody noses,” Howse said. “We are left to be concerned with long-term effects. I know that myself and my neighbors to my left and my right have all had cancer.”

Community members from the Kern County community of Avenal approached the podium to say that the landfill in their community is causing health concerns, including cancer, and people are leaving the town because of it.

“The smell is really bad,” said Leticia Luna, who moved to Avenal 15 years ago. “People are leaving our community because their homes are not safe, and when they leave, they find it difficult to sell because we live very close to the landfill.”

While many groups applauded the new rule, Jane Williams, executive director of California Communities Against Toxics, said it is a “real first step,” and that CARB needs even stronger rules to prevent fires and large emission leaks at landfills.

The Los Angeles City Council is asking the private nonprofit organizing the 2028 Olympics to provide more information on the role the federal government will play in policing the Games.

The council unanimously passed a motion Tuesday requesting that LA28 produce a detailed report on the federal Olympics task force on security that President Donald Trump announced last year.

"We all have increasing concerns about their involvement and their influence around what policing will look like," Councilmember Monica Rodriguez said of the federal government, citing the ICE agents that have descended on the streets of Los Angeles and other U.S. cities since summer.

The federal government is overseeing security planning for the Olympic Games. The agency leading that effort is the Secret Service, which is part of the Department of Homeland Security. That set-up is not atypical, but it has sparked criticism from immigrants rights advocates and community members concerned that the Games may bring more federal agents to the streets of L.A.

LA28 also caught flak when it quietly added a number of Trump allies to its board of directors last year. The new additions mean Trump allies have nearly the same representation on the board as the city's six appointees.

The motion passed Tuesday asks LA28 to report to the council how the federal security task force will affect the city's planning for the Olympics. It also directs LA28 to "include guidance on what guardrails the City can enact to ensure that the City's most vulnerable communities are protected."

LA28 did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the city council's action, which did not include a deadline.

It appears that the City Council can do little to enforce its motion.

The city's contract with the Olympics organizers requires LA28 to update the city on engagement with federal authorities that "relates materially to the City," and to periodically update the city on the event's national security designation. But the council's request for more information on the federal task force doesn't fit neatly into any category spelled out in that agreement.

Gabriel Avalos, a spokesperson for Rodriguez, acknowledged via text that the City Council could not compel the private Olympics organizers to respond to the motion, and that the council's request was just that: a request.

"Now the ball is simply in their court," Avalos added.

Most L.A. residents agree that their neighborhoods could use more parks, but the lack of green spaces in Los Angeles is nowhere more glaring than in Koreatown.

Parks appear like postage stamps on neighborhood maps, surrounded by apartment towers and busy corridors. When parents want to take their kids to play outside, they often have to leave their immediate neighborhood. The city has even put a number to it: About 18,000 residents in Koreatown live further than half a mile from a park, according to a recent report on park needs, which also notes that access to green space is key to mental and physical health.

“One of the things that makes this neighborhood amazing is the fact that it’s so active and vibrant,” said Adriane Hoff, parks advocate and a longtime Koreatown resident. “But then there’s also the flip side of it, that we don’t have that place where we can sit back and recharge.”

And yet, officials have done little to address the problem over the decades. So, The LA Local is digging into why it’s been so difficult to develop green spaces in Koreatown, Pico Union and Westlake — some of the most densely populated neighborhoods in LA and made up predominantly of renters.

It has been about a decade since the city announced and approved the Pío Pico Library Pocket Park, Koreatown’s first new park since the 1920s. The 0.6-acre space would transform a parking lot into a park on top of an underground structure. It is expected to open in early 2027 with a budget of $26 million.

An aerial view of Liberty Park in Koreatown.

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Brian Feinzimer

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For The LA Local

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Right around the corner is Liberty Park, a privately owned green space that has only escaped development into a 36-story tower because residents rallied for it to be designated a historic-cultural monument in 2018. The simple lawn, without any of the amenities you might expect to see in a park, has hosted street fairs and World Cup viewing parties, as well as being a mecca for dog walkers and yoga classes.

“As the community has become much more dense, much more residential in nature, this park has taken on even more importance,” Adrian Fine, president and CEO of the LA Conservancy, said about Liberty Park.

Overall, Los Angeles has not prioritized its investment in park spaces, according to the Park Needs Assessment report from the Department of Recreation and Parks.

L.A.’s per-capita investment is dramatically lower than other cities of similar size, population and density. The city invests $92 per capita, versus the average of $283 in other cities.

And it’s the city’s poorest residents who feel that the most. Many residents who live in areas identified as needing parks the most earn less than 80% of what the median household earns in the state, according to the latest available data from the city.

Delfino Chocoj plays soccer at Seoul International Park in Koreatown.

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Brian Feinzimer

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For The LA Local

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There are bright spots in Koreatown, Pico Union and Westlake. Efforts are underway to renovate or expand existing park spaces, updating outdated facilities or expanding the footprint of the green space, like at Seoul International Park.

Then there’s the question of MacArthur Park.

The 30 acres in Westlake, replete with lake, soccer field and playground, has been described as an open-air drug market with a growing unhoused population. City officials want to install a fence to address “safety concerns” — a move at odds with proposals to instead open up the park to more people by making Wilshire Boulevard a car-free zone.

Harm reduction outreach workers have in particular raised concerns about the impact of a fence. They say if the park is closed off, then many of the unhoused people who need services will be forced out of the area and likely will not receive the services they need.

On one recent morning, people dozed off on the grass, ducks argued on the lake and a pickup soccer game played out in a nearby field. A police cruiser drove onto the park grounds and a pair of officers spoke to a group of people.

“To me, it feels like the city tries to make it better and then doesn’t go far enough,” said Lidia Reyes, who took a 5-minute bus ride to the park with her daughters.

“It’s nice in the day,” said Reyes as her daughters played nearby. “And not so nice at night.”

If you feel a lift after exercise, you're in good company. Movement can boost mood, and according to the results of a new study, it can also help relieve symptoms of depression.

As part of a review of evidence by the Cochrane collaboration — an independent network of researchers — scientists evaluated 73 randomized controlled trials that included about 5,000 people with depression, many of whom also tried antidepressant medication.

"We found that exercise was as effective as pharmacological treatments or psychological therapies as well," says Andrew Clegg, a professor at the University of Lancashire in the U.K.

The findings are not a surprise to psychiatrist Dr. Stephen Mateka, medical director of psychiatry at Inspira Health. "This new Cochrane review reinforces the evidence that exercise is one of the most evidence-based tools for improving mood," says Mateka.

He explains how it mirrors some of the effects of medication. "Exercise can help improve neurotransmitter function, like serotonin as well as dopamine and endorphins. So there is certainly overlap between exercise and how antidepressants offer relief," Mateka says.

In other words, exercise helps release chemicals in the body that are known to boost mood.

And there's another powerful effect too. Exercise can trigger the release of brain growth factors, explains Dr. Nicholas Fabiano of the University of Ottawa. He says depression can decrease neuroplasticity, making it harder for the brain to adapt and change.

"The brain in depression is thought to be less plastic. So there's less what we call neurotrophic factors, or BDNF," Fabiano explains. He calls it the Miracle-Gro for the brain. "And we know that exercise can also boost it. So I think exercise is a fundamental pillar we really need to counsel patients on," he says.

And while medications and therapy are important tools, Fabiano says exercise is recognized as a preferred treatment for depression.

"Exercise has been adopted as a first-line treatment in guidelines for depression globally with good acceptability and safety," he writes. Yet he says it remains underappreciated and underutilized.

"It's much easier for a primary care physician to prescribe medication to a patient. You just write it on a pad," Fabiano says. It's harder to prescribe exercise, which takes time and effort and can be difficult to start for people who are depressed.

Fabiano says exercise can work best as part of a combination of treatments. "We can start someone on an antidepressant — maybe that improves their mood, and they're able to engage in therapy. And from there, maybe now they're more interested in starting some of these lifestyle habits like exercise," Fabiano says.

How much exercise is enough?

The evidence shows light to moderate exercise — where you get your heart rate up enough to feel slightly winded — can be as beneficial as vigorous or intense exercise, at least early on. And Fabiano says it's OK to start with a "low dose."

"Ultimately you want to work your way up. But going from completely sedentary to even just going for a walk every day, that's where you start seeing those exponential gains," he says, stressing the importance of getting started with modest amounts.

The study found that a combination of aerobic exercise and resistance training appears to be more effective than aerobic alone. The meta-analysis found between 13 and 36 workouts led to improvements in depressive symptoms, though long-term follow-up was rare. Researchers say there's more to learn about how regular exercise may help stave off depression.

Mateka says there are lots of options. "When it comes to exercise, it's about just finding the exercise that works for you, such as something like yoga or tai chi versus something like walking and jogging," he says. For some, group activity can add to the psychosocial benefits.

At the end of the day, it's best to pick something you enjoy or go back to an activity or sport you liked as a child.

"Exercise is something that is extremely low cost. It's very accessible. It has very minimal side effects. And it has the opportunity to impact you positively, mentally, emotionally, socially and physically," Mateka says.
Copyright 2026 NPR

Time to ditch your winter jackets. Southern California is in for a potentially record-breaking heat wave — in January.

Temperatures will peak Wednesday, hitting the mid-80s in some areas, especially in the valleys, according to National Weather Service meteorologist Brian Lewis. Downtown Los Angeles will see a high of about 82 degrees, and Pasadena could be closer to 85 — record numbers for this time of the year.

“We’ll see a little bit of a cooling trend toward the end of the week, but it’ll be quite gradual, so we’ll still stay relatively warm into the weekend,” Lewis said.

Going into the weekend, temperatures will be in the upper 70s to low 80s.

“It’ll be pretty nice weather and it doesn’t look like there’s going to be any real significant issues in terms of rip currents or high surf,” he said. “It should be a pretty nice day for the beach here in mid-January.”

What’s causing the high temperatures

“The Santa Ana winds are certainly the driving force,” Lewis said.

Even if you don’t feel the winds, it’s bringing warmer temperatures — and they’re higher than average by about 10 to 15 degrees.

And while Santa Ana winds typically fuel fire conditions, the risk is lower for this heat wave, Lewis said.

“The fire risk is absolutely mitigated by all the rain we got, so it’s really not much of a concern, even though we have these hot, dry and windy conditions,” he said.