The Brief

Republicans on the House education committee publicly unveiled their plan Tuesday to remake the federal student loan system while also cutting more than $330 billion in federal spending to help offset the cost of extending President Trump's tax cuts.

The Republican proposal includes eliminating previous income-contingent loan repayment options and replacing them with one "Repayment Assistance Plan." It also ends the Grad PLUS loan program, sets strict limits on Parent PLUS loans and envisions a new system whereby colleges and universities are forced to reimburse the federal government for a share of the debt when their students fail to repay their loans.

During the plan's unveiling Tuesday — what is known as a committee "markup" — the education committee's Republican chairman, Rep. Tim Walberg of Michigan, said, "If there is any consensus when it comes to student loans, it's that the current system is effectively broken and littered with incentives that push tuition prices upward. Schools have no reason to lower costs or ensure degrees align with employer needs, all while students and taxpayers pay the price."

The committee's ranking member, Democratic Rep. Bobby Scott of Virginia, made clear, though, that there's no consensus on Republicans' proposed remedy: "This current reconciliation plan would increase costs for colleges and students, limit students' access to quality programs … and then take the so-called 'savings' to pay for more tax cuts for the wealthy and the well-connected."

Because the proposal is part of a reconciliation package, Republicans only need a simple majority in the Senate — and a unified front in the House — to pass it.

In other words, it's no sure thing, but it's as close to a sure thing as Congress gets these days.

Here's a quick run-through of some of the key changes Republicans outlined:

Shrinking loan repayment options to a two-plan system

For new borrowers taking out federal student loans after July 1, 2026, gone will be the Biden administration's generous SAVE Plan, as well as a host of previous repayment plans including Income-Contingent Repayment (ICR) and Pay As You Earn (PAYE).

In their place will be two options: 1) a "Standard Repayment Plan" with fixed monthly payments across a range of 10 to 25 years and 2) a "Repayment Assistance Plan" that bases monthly payments on a borrower's total adjusted gross income. The plan also waives unpaid interest that isn't covered by the monthly payment, according to a Republican fact sheet.

The maximum term of this new income-based repayment plan will take some getting used to for borrowers: While previous plans offered forgiveness after 20 or 25 years, the Repayment Assistance Plan comes with a maximum repayment term of 360 payments — or 30 years.

For borrowers who took out loans before July 1, 2026, they will have access to an updated version of the old Income-Based Repayment plan.

Cuts to Pell Grants

Republicans want to make a few significant changes to the Pell Grant program for low-income students. They proposed increasing the definition of full-time college attendance, which is required for students to receive the maximum Pell amount, to 30 credit hours per year. They also plan to require that Pell students be enrolled at least halftime, or 15 credit hours per year, to qualify for any Pell award at all.

These changes, according to an analysis by the National College Attainment Network, would result in a significant cut in aid for many Pell recipients.

There is one way Republicans want to expand access to Pell: by opening the grants up to students who attend short-term workforce-training programs.

Changes coming to Grad PLUS, Parent PLUS and subsidized loans for undergraduates

After July 1, 2026, Republicans plan to end the Grad PLUS loan program for graduate school borrowers as well as subsidized loans for undergraduate borrowers, where the government covers interest on the loans while the borrower is still enrolled in school.

Republicans also want to cap the total amount a student can borrow each year based on "the median cost of attendance for students enrolled in the same program of study nationally," according to the Republican fact sheet.

In other words, if a student wants to attend a program with an unusually high cost relative to other schools nationwide, federal loans might not cover the full bill.

There would also be new borrowing caps, or "aggregate limits," for undergraduates ($50,000), graduate students ($100,000) and professional programs ($150,000).

The Parent PLUS loan program would see big changes too. Parent PLUS has been controversial because it comes with a higher interest rate than traditional federal loans and has led to nagging debts for many older borrowers, but it has also been an important tool for many families of color who lack generational wealth to put their children through college.

Republicans want an aggregate limit of $50,000 on Parent PLUS borrowing. What's more, they will require students to take out the maximum available unsubsidized loans before families can fill in the remaining gap with Parent PLUS.

"Skin-in-the-game accountability" for colleges

One novel proposal in Republicans' reconciliation package would change the fundamental terms colleges and universities agree to when they participate in the federal loan program.

It would require schools to reimburse the federal government "for a percentage" of the loans their students fail to repay, calculating that percentage "based on the total price the institution charges students for a program of study and the value-added earnings of students after they graduate or, in the case of students who do not graduate, the completion rate of the institution or program."

The change would also include penalties to schools for late or missed payments that could culminate in a college losing access to the federal student loan program altogether.

While Republicans push for new accountability from schools, they are also ending older provisions to protect borrowers when their school suddenly closes or if they believe they were enticed to enroll with false promises about potential work or earnings.

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A federal judge ruled today that the Trump administration is not entitled to personal information belonging to California’s 23 million voters. Judge David O. Carter made the ruling.

Last year, the U.S. Department of Justice sued California, along with 22 other states and Washington, D.C., for access to their full, unredacted voter files. That includes driver’s license, social security numbers and other sensitive data.

DOJ officials said they needed the data to assess whether states were properly maintaining their voter rolls and ensuring "only American citizens are voting, only one time," as Assistant Attorney General Harmeet Dhillon said in a social media post in December.

California refused, citing state and federal privacy law. Only a handful of states have complied with the government’s request for their full voter files, according to the Brennan Center for Justice, which has been tracking the issue nationwide.

What did the judge say?

In Judge Carter’s ruling, he wrote that amassing sensitive information at the federal level would have a chilling effect on voter registration, which would lead to decreased turnout “as voters fear that their information is being used for some inappropriate or unlawful purpose.”

He added, “This risk threatens the right to vote which is the cornerstone of American democracy."

LAist emailed a request for comment to a spokesperson for the Department of Justice but has not yet received a response.

Reaction to the ruling

Jenny Farrell, executive director of the League of Women Voters of California, applauded the decision. The group had joined California in opposing the government’s data request.

“ We think that voters should never have to choose between their privacy interests and the right to participate in our democracy,” she said.

Justin Levitt, a Loyola Law School professor and former Department of Justice employee said, “The court did what we thought the court should do.”

Levitt and a group of other former DOJ employees had filed an amicus brief in the case, siding with California.

In a news release, California Secretary of State Shirley Weber wrote: “I will continue to uphold my promise to Californians to protect our democracy, and I will continue to challenge this administration's disregard for the rule of law and our right to vote.”

What's next?

The DOJ's lawsuits against other states are still making their way through the courts.

During a hearing in the case in December, Judge Carter said he anticipated his eventual ruling — whichever way it went — would be appealed, and that a final decision on the issue could rest with the U.S. Supreme Court.

A Superior Court judge has found that the city of Los Angeles violated public open records laws nearly two years ago by taking action on matters related to its homelessness response and failing to report it.

That decision could be a factor in an ongoing hearing in federal court where a different judge is considering whether to hold the city in contempt of court.

In a ruling last week, L.A. County Superior Court Judge Curtis A. Kin found that the city violated the Brown Act on two occasions in January and May 2024 when it took action in closed session on the following:

— approving an encampment reduction plan;

— approving a memorandum of understanding with the county for support on interim housing beds and other issues.

Afterward, the city did not report those approvals in open session.

The city argued its actions were allowed under the Brown Act because they stemmed from the ongoing settlement between the city and the L.A. Alliance for Human Rights, a group of business owners and residents who sued the city over its response to the homelessness crisis.

But Kin disagreed with that argument, saying what the city had done in closed session did not fall within the Brown Act exemptions because they were policy decisions, not litigation decisions concerning the L.A. Alliance settlement.

In federal court, U.S. District Judge David O. Carter has been overseeing the city’s compliance with the settlement. Carter has said he’s concerned “the city has demonstrated a continuous pattern of delay” in meeting its obligations.

Carter has been hearing testimony since November from city officials and others in an ongoing contempt-of-court hearing. This week, the judge said in court documents that he would consider Kin’s ruling as the contempt hearing proceeds.

The parties were last in federal court earlier this week. It’s not yet clear when that hearing will resume.

Sidewalk vendors can now apply to receive a free, health-code-compliant food vending cart through a new program launched in a partnership between the county and the city of Los Angeles.

Who can apply

To receive a cart, applicants must be at least 18 years old, live in LA County, be self-employed as a sidewalk vendor, and earn less than $75,000 annually from vending, according to a news release. Applicants must operate within unincorporated LA County or the city of LA, and commit to full compliance with public health and safety regulations.

You can find the application here.

Permits to secure

Vendors who are awarded carts will have to secure required permits in order to begin operating as fully permitted businesses. This includes obtaining the Compact Mobile Food Operation (CMFO) certificate from the LA County Department of Public Health and any Sidewalk Vending Registration Certifications or permits required to comply with the county and city sidewalk vending programs.

Applications will be selected by lottery, will be reviewed on a monthly basis, and will be prioritized based on “compliance readiness.” Priority will also be given to those who are based in the county’s “highest-need areas,” as according to the county equity explorer map.

Eligible applicants will be connected to partner organizations like Inclusive Action for the City to help navigate the permitting process and to provide business business support and language assistance.

What kind of carts?

Carts offered through the program include:

• Integrated grill carts for precooked meat for tacos, hot dogs, and hamburgers that are assembled on a cart
• Hot-holding carts for pre-portioned cooked tamales, corn, quesadillas, gyros, pupusas
• Cut fruit carts for fruits, bionicos, and acai bowls
• Cold-hold ice cream carts that store prepackaged ice cream items

Currently, the county and city have 50 hot-holding and 30 cold-holding carts for the first round of awards with 40 integrated grill carts underway.

More about the program

The launch of the Sidewalk Vending Cart Program – which invests $2.8 million in more than 280 carts – follows the passage of state legislation that decriminalized street vendors and that streamlined the permitting process.

“The program aims to help vendors meet new legal requirements, overcome financial barriers to formalization, and operate safely and legally in their communities,” according to the news release.

Los Angeles County Board Chair Hilda Solis said the program can help ensure a “permitted pathway” toward entrepreneurship.
“Many vendors are navigating increasingly difficult and uncertain times due to cruel federal immigration actions, and we know vendors play an essential role in the economic and cultural vitality of Los Angeles County,” Solis said in a statement. “This is more than a program — this is a chance to support small business growth, economic stability, and even generational wealth.”

The biggest mobile network in the United States, Verizon, experienced a huge outage on Wednesday, leaving at least tens of thousands of customers without cell service for much of the day.

An update on Verizon's website today said the outage had been resolved. "We are sorry for what you experienced and will continue to work hard day and night to provide the outstanding network and service that people expect from Verizon," it said.

What happened?

It's still unclear. Verizon has not posted details nor an explanation of the cause of the outage on its website. In an email to NPR, a company spokesperson wrote that the problem stemmed from "a software issue" and that Verizon is conducting a full review.And while Verizon hasn't released a figure for how many customers were affected, the staff at the Downdetector website — where users go to report service outages — posted on Facebook that they received 2.3 million outage reports for Verizon throughout the day. (That doesn't necessarily translate to 2.3 million affected customers.)

Cell networks experience small outages fairly regularly, though, and sizable ones are not uncommon. Verizon had a disruption across several major cities in September 2024, and competitor AT&T was hit by a large outage in February 2024, affecting more than 125 million registered devices and customers in all 50 states.

Sanjoy Paul, a wireless network expert at Rice University, says telecommunications systems have become more complex over the past decade and a half as they've moved from physical infrastructure — wires and cables — and into the cloud.

"What used to be a completely hardware-dependent network transformed into a complete software-dependent network," he said. That shift has given operators more flexibility to add services or tweak products but, he said, it has come at the expense of reliability.

With a cloud and software-based networks, there are more opportunities for glitches and attacks, he said. Small issues with computer code buried inside these systems can have big consequences.

What have been some consequences of the outage?

Users had no connectivity for much of the day and were only able to access "SOS" mode during the outage.

Verizon, which has styled itself as America's best and most reliable network, has been in damage control mode. The company has issued instructions for customers to restart their devices to reconnect to the network if they are still having problems. It also pledged $20 credits as "a way of acknowledging your time and showing that this matters to us," according to their website.

The Federal Communications Commission said in a statement it was "continuing to actively investigate and monitor the situation to determine next steps."

Could it happen again?

Yep — to Verizon or any of its competitors.

Since the cause of this latest outage remains unclear, it's too early to say whether or not this exact thing could happen again. But Lee McKnight, an associate professor in the School of Information Studies at Syracuse University, told NPR's Morning Edition outages are "a fact of life these days for major telecommunications firms."

"Modern telecom networks are cloud networks. 5G networks are mainly, like, hundreds of different cloud services," he said. "The telecom companies haven't yet adjusted their training to that reality, that their staff have to be expert not just in cell towers and wireless, like we think about, but about cloud services, like AWS, or Microsoft, or Google."

At the end of the day, experts say, consumers should consider having a "Plan B" for connectivity. That may mean a land line for your house or getting a second phone on a different cell network.
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