The Brief

Update March 15, 5 p.m.: One of Jackie and Shadow’s chicks has died. Volunteers tell fans: 'Grieve and feel whatever you feel'

Jackie and Shadow’s chick triplets are eating well while growing bigger and stronger every day. But they face challenges ahead as they outgrow the protective shielding of their parents.

Chick 1 and Chick 2 are about a week old as of Tuesday. But Chick 3, who was welcomed into the world Saturday, is holding its own among the older eaglets.

This is the first time Big Bear’s famous bald eagle couple have cared for three chicks at once. And Sandy Steers, executive director of Friends of Big Bear Valley, the nonprofit that manages the YouTube livestream, told LAist she’s elated.

“It is beyond imagination, and I could never have expected feeling this good about something so beautiful in nature,” she said. “And seeing the impact it's having on people … it makes me really happy, deep in my heart.”

How the chicks are holding up

The eaglets hatch with poor vision and can barely see shadows at first, but Chick 3 is already getting better at figuring out where the food is coming from and holding its head up for bites of meat from its parents’ beaks.

And the chicks are eating during almost every feeding, Steers said, unless one accidentally sleeps through a session.

Sibling rivalry is common for bald eagle chicks, and the older two have been seen “bonking” into each other. That’s when they hit each other with their beaks or push their nestmates around.

“They fight with each other to get the most food, you know, to get the attention, to get everything,” Steers said. “Kind of like humans.”

But Chick 1 and Chick 2 have been so busy with each other, they’ve hardly bothered their youngest sibling. Steers noted that the behavior is harmless at this point, especially since those two are about the same age and strength.

“By the time they could be a danger to each other, they usually turn into buddies because they're getting plenty of food and plenty of parental attention,” Steers said. “And that's the only thing they're really fighting for, so they just kind of give up and get along.”

What’s ahead for the nest

Three eaglet chicks are huddled together as they continue to grow stronger.

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More rain and snow is headed for the nest overlooking Big Bear Lake this week, but the eaglets will likely be safe from the storms.

They’re still small enough to snuggle under their parents’ waterproof feathers for at least another few weeks, like we saw with the last round of wet weather.

In the coming months, the chicks will continue to get taller, their own feathers will grow in, and their feet are going to look huge while they learn to flap their wings and prepare to leave the nest.

When the eaglets are almost full size, Jackie and Shadow will stop sleeping on top of them and guard them from the front of the nest instead. They’ll then fledge when they’re about 10 to 14 weeks old, Steers said, before taking off to see the world.

“Jackie and Shadow will follow them around the area in any case, making sure they have food and taking care of them, showing them how to hunt, things like that before they leave,” Steers said.

Bald eagles are primarily scavengers for their first year, according to Peter Sharpe,  a wildlife biologist with the Institute for Wildlife Studies and Sharpe Wildlife Consulting. That can bring its own risks — about 70% of bald eagles survive that stage, according to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

The biggest issues for the young eagles include getting hit by a car while they’re feeding on roadkill, flying into power lines, or lead poisoning from eating something that was shot.

“ Lead poisoning is probably the primary cause of mortality these days,” Sharpe said.

Two of the nest's previous chicks, Stormy and Simba, were both found dead in different parts of California about a year after fledging, Friends of Big Bear Valley reported. Stormy had fledged in April 2018 and Simba was last seen at the nest in August 2019.

They were identified based on the numbers they were banded with as chicks. It’s unclear what happened to them.

Nest guests

Jackie and Shadow may be the most popular, but they aren’t the only stars of the show.

San Bernardino flying squirrels have been making guest appearances since the first nest camera was installed about a decade ago.

A San Bernardino flying squirrel, known as Fiona, in Jackie and Shadow's nest overlooking Big Bear Lake.

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A San Bernardino flying squirrel in Jackie and Shadow's nest overlooking Big Bear Lake.

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Friends of Big Bear Valley

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The squirrels are affectionately known as Fiona and Fast Freddie, although no one knows which one is which. So the first squirrel to show up is always called Fiona, and the second is Fast Freddie. Any more would be known as friends of Fiona and Fast Freddie.

“ We don't know if it's the same ones … but they still have the same habits and the same cuteness,” Steers said.

The flying squirrels, which are about the size of an eagle egg, work as the nest’s nocturnal cleaning crew — snacking on leftover fish tails, eggshells and insects.

They’ve also been known to spook Jackie and Shadow at night, prompting warning “wingslaps” from the feathered couple.

You might see the squirrels launch themselves off the nest to avoid those wingslaps, but Friends of Big Bear Valley said you don’t need to worry, Fiona and Fast Freddie can fly for more than 300 feet.

Los Angeles’ regional homelessness agency is working to find ways to keep thousands of people in their homes, while complying with new federal funding restrictions on permanent housing.

The governing board for the L.A. Homeless Services Authority voted Monday to start the process of reallocating about $130 million in federal funding currently being spent on permanent housing to other projects meant to serve unhoused Angelenos.

Because of new funding restrictions from the U.S. Office of Housing and Urban Development, known as HUD, about 5,000 households in the county will lose their rental subsidies, according to several LAHSA officials who spoke at a commission meeting Monday.

Those changes, along with state and county funding shortfalls for homeless services, threaten to drastically worsen the region’s homelessness crisis, they said.

"The fact of the matter is there’s going to be a tremendous and terrible impact on people, on agencies, on landlords,” said Nathaniel VerGow, LAHSA’s chief program officer.

Officials said they’re scrambling to maximize federal funding under the new guidelines while also advocating against the new HUD policy.

“It is a cliff and it feels catastrophic, but I think it forces us as a region to figure out how to save ourselves,” LAHSA Commission Chair Amber Sheikh said.

The funding challenge

Most federal homelessness dollars flow into the L.A. region through the Continuum of Care program, managed by HUD.

The Los Angeles region is eligible for more than $260 million in federal funding under that program in the coming fiscal year, including $217 million for existing projects.

But no more than 30% of those funds can go toward permanent housing projects, according to a “notice of funding opportunity” HUD issued last month.

That’s a challenge for L.A. County, because 90% of regional HUD funds currently cover people’s rent, according to LASHA officials.

Instead, L.A. and other cities and counties must spend the bulk of their federal funds on other interventions, including transitional housing and street outreach.

HUD officials have said the policy is meant to encourage self-sufficiency.

At Monday’s meeting, Commissioner Justin Szlasa urged his colleagues to consider larger funding trends.

“ There's actually a 23% increase in available funding from HUD, the federal government,” he said. “It just doesn't work with the way that we normally have done things here.”

“We need to find, in this crisis, a way to be constructive about this,” Szlasa added.

HUD policy changes

HUD released its new notice of funding opportunity last month and rescinded a previous two-year funding agreement.

Opponents have concerns with the federal housing department’s move away from “housing first” approaches. They also said HUD rolled out the changes without providing enough time to prepare service providers and clients for disruptions.

Last week, 21 states, including California, sued HUD, claiming the new federal policies “essentially guarantee that tens of thousands of formerly homeless individuals and families will be evicted back into homelessness.”

This week, a group of cities and homelessness organizations also sued over the changes. Plaintiffs include the city and county of San Francisco. The Continuum of Care for San Francisco was awarded $56 million in federal funding for Fiscal Year 2024.

Approximately 91% of that funding supports permanent housing projects, according to the complaint.

What’s next?

The LAHSA Commission voted Monday to approve its request for applications for existing and new projects.

Providers must submit applications to LAHSA over the next two weeks, and LAHSA has until Jan. 14 to craft and submit a new application to HUD.

The agency is now talking with 130 contractors about the transition.

LAHSA is also working with some permanent supportive housing providers to convert their programs to transitional housing instead, officials said.

People who were in permanent housing projects aren’t eligible for transitional housing under HUD’s guidelines because they're not considered unhoused, VerGow said.

The commission also reviewed a policy for ranking project applications and prioritizing them for federal funding. Officials said that policy has to be approved at a LAHSA Commission subcommittee on Dec. 10.

Funds are expected to be awarded in May 2026.

LOS ANGELES — As the season of Advent begins, many Christians turn toward quiet reflection and preparation for Christmas. But in several Southern California congregations with large immigrant communities, that sacred anticipation is shadowed by a looming sense of fear.

For worshippers like Mike, an Iranian asylum-seeker who attends a West Los Angeles church, the weeks leading up to Christmas feel less like a spiritual refuge and more like a time of apprehension. He asked that only the anglicized version of his Farsi name be used because he fears speaking publicly could affect his immigration case. He fled Iran after converting to Christianity.

"I kept this secret, my faith as a secret, for like 12 years," he said.

Mike arrived in Los Angeles 18 months ago and says he has tried to build a life rooted in community and respect for his new home. But a series of immigration enforcement actions in the region — including the June arrests of two men outside a nearby church with a large Iranian membership — has shaken him.

"Even church is not safe because it's a public place," he said. "They can get there and catch you."

The Department of Homeland Security says enforcement actions at churches require secondary approval and are expected to be rare. Still, the concern is real inside Mike's congregation, where church leaders asked that the name of the church not be published.

A significant number of Iranian parishioners worship there, and the pastor often invites them to pray in Farsi during services. Lately, fewer take her up on the offer.

"It's part of the heartbreak of these days," the pastor said. "They feel like they have to be apprehensive about it — not even wanting to speak in their own language here."

She said the fear is especially painful during Advent, a season she describes as a time to prepare to "give thanks for this God we have who wants to be with us."

Room at the inn, despite fears

East of Los Angeles, at Baldwin Park United Methodist Church, Pastor Toña Rios unzips a red tent pitched in the middle of the sanctuary. For years, the church took in newly arrived immigrants, providing a place to sleep while they looked for work and housing.

The tent remains as a reminder of that welcome — and of the fears many congregants now carry. Rios estimates that about 80% of her church members are immigrants and says many don't have legal status.

"A lot of them say, 'Don't open the door. Just close the door,'" she said.

Rios urges a different posture, especially during Advent. She uses the tent to help her congregation imagine being the ones who offer shelter, not shut others out.

"It is very hard," she said. "But Jesus is going to be born in our heart. That's why we need to be prepared."

For longtime church member Royi Lopez, the sense of vulnerability goes beyond immigration status. Lopez is a U.S. citizen but says she often feels targeted because she is Latina. Many of her relatives are undocumented, and she worries constantly about them.

"What if on my way to church, they catch us?" she said. "On a daily basis, we're scared of going to the school, to work, to church, to even the grocery store."

Lopez says that during Advent, these fears remind her of the Christmas story itself — of Mary and Joseph searching for somewhere to stay, turned away again and again until somebody finally took them in.

"Even though so many doors were closed, somebody opened a door," she said.

That theme of welcome runs through the hymn chosen for every Sunday of Advent at Baldwin Park United Methodist Church, "All Earth is Hopeful." Its lyrics speak of a world longing for liberation, where people labor to "see how God's truth and justice set everybody free."
Copyright 2025 NPR

The Supreme Court today is hearing a billion-dollar case about whether internet providers can be liable for their users' committing copyright violations using their services.

The legal battle pits the music entertainment industry against Cox Communications, which provides internet to over 6 million residences and business.

A coalition of music labels, which represent artists such as Sabrina Carpenter, Givēon and Doechii, sued Cox alleging that company should be responsible for the copyright violations of internet users that Cox had been warned were serial copyright abusers.

The coalition argues Cox was sent numerous notices of specific IP addresses repeatedly violating music copyrights and that Cox's failure to terminate those IP addresses from internet access means that Cox should face the music.

In its briefs, the coalition argued many of Cox's anti-infringement measurements seem superficial and the company willingly overlooked violations.

The coalition points out that Cox had a 13-strike policy for potentially terminating infringing customers, under which Cox acted against a customer based on how many complaints it received about a particular user. The Cox manager who oversaw the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, the law at issue in this case, told his team to "F the dmca!!!"

"Cox made a deliberate and egregious decision to elevate its own profits over compliance with the law," the coalition asserts.

The Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals and a jury agreed with the coalition, with the jury awarding the coalition more than a billion dollars in damages.

Cox argues it should not be liable for its customers' actions as it never encouraged the copyright infringements, its terms of service prohibit illegal activities, and it does not make additional money when customers use its internet to infringe on copyrights.

In its briefs, Cox specified that less than 1% of its users infringe on music copyrights and that its internal compliance measures "got 95% of that less than 1% to stop." It asserts that if the Supreme Court does not side with them, then "that means terminating entire households, coffee shops, hospitals, universities and even regional internet service providers (ISPs) — the internet lifeline for tens of thousands of homes and businesses — merely because some unidentified person was previously alleged to have used the connection to infringe."

A decision in the case is expected this summer.

Copyright 2025 NPR