Is China trying to take unilateral control of the South China Sea?
That's what the Philippine government thinks and the U.S. government is also worried.
Last month, Chinese fighter jets challenged a U.S. surveillance aircraft flying -- in international air space -- over the South China Sea.
Related: China warns US over surveillance flights
And recent aerial photos show China building a series of artificial islands -- more than 600 miles from its own southern shore -- in an area known as the Spratly islands.
The BBC's Rupert Wingfield-Hayes has been investigating.