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The Brief

The most important stories for you to know today
  • Why do some celebrate on Jan. 1 and others not?

    Topline:

    Thanks to the widely adopted Gregorian calendar, most people have marked the new year on Jan. 1 for centuries. But with so many other calendar systems — such as the Chinese, Islamic or Hebrew calendar — how did this come to be?

    The birth of the Gregorian calendar: The goal of many early Roman calendars was to find a way to align lunar cycles, solar years and seasons, as several religious festivals and holidays revolved around the equinoxes and moon phases. In 45 B.C.E., while Julius Caesar was high priest, he stretched the 12-month calendar to 365 days and a quarter of a day. But that quarter amounted to a full day after four years. So he implemented leap years to catch the calendar back up with the solar year, Hayton said. To fix the overcorrection, in 1582, Pope Gregory XIII added a caveat to leap years: a century year (such as the year 2000) will only be considered a leap year if it is divisible by 400. Hence, the Gregorian calendar was born.

    Several cultures celebrate on other days: In some Asian cultures, such as Chinese, Korean and Vietnamese, people celebrate the Lunar New Year between late January and February to coincide with the first new moon on the lunar calendar. Rosh Hashanah is the Jewish New Year and falls on the first day of Tishrei, the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar, which is September or October on the Gregorian calendar. Nowruz, the Persian New Year, coincides with the spring equinox in March.

    After the Thanksgiving leftovers are gobbled and the Christmas trees come down, many turn their attention to the new year, and may celebrate by making resolutions or watching the Times Square ball drop.

    Thanks to the widely adopted Gregorian calendar, most people have marked the new year on Jan. 1 for centuries. But with so many other calendar systems — such as the Chinese, Islamic or Hebrew calendar — how did this come to be? And how did it come to represent new beginnings?

    How the Gregorian calendar — and Jan. 1 — was born

    Let's go back in time. The Gregorian calendar, and its Jan. 1 start date, has its origins in ancient Rome.

    The goal of many early Roman calendars was to find a way to align lunar cycles, solar years and seasons, as several religious festivals and holidays revolved around the equinoxes and moon phases.

    For example, many Christians wanted Easter to fall on the spring equinox every year, said Darin Hayton, an associate professor of history at Haverford College.

    "So we have a number of competing goals that don't admit easily of mathematical solutions," he said.

    When a 10-month calendar didn't do the trick, the Romans borrowed from the Greeks and Egyptians, who figured out that 12 lunar cycles fit into a solar cycle. So Roman King Numa Pompilius extended their calendar to 12 months by adding February and January, named after Janus, the Roman god of beginnings. Jan. 1 was then made the start of the calendar, Hayton said.

    In 45 B.C.E., while Julius Caesar was high priest, he stretched the 12-month calendar to 365 days and a quarter of a day. But that quarter amounted to a full day after four years. So he implemented leap years to catch the calendar back up with the solar year, Hayton said.

    But there was still a problem. The astronomers of Caesar's day who calculated the length of a solar year were off by about 11 ½ minutes, a misalignment that would grow significantly over time.

    To fix the overcorrection, in 1582, Pope Gregory XIII added a caveat to leap years: a century year (such as the year 2000) will only be considered a leap year if it is divisible by 400.

    Hence, the Gregorian calendar was born. It was popularized as European countries that were a "dominant economic force" began using it, and took it with them into countries they colonized, Hayton said.

    Many cultures use days other than Jan. 1 to ring in the new year

    Much of the world uses the Gregorian calendar and its Jan. 1 start date as New Year's personally and professionally, but many cultures also use their own calendars for social and spiritual occasions.

    In some Asian cultures, such as Chinese, Korean and Vietnamese, people celebrate the Lunar New Year between late January and February to coincide with the first new moon on the lunar calendar.

    "It emphasizes family reunions, honoring of ancestors, and prosperity," said Usha Haley, who teaches international business at Wichita State University's business school.

    Rosh Hashanah is the Jewish New Year and falls on the first day of Tishrei, the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar, which is September or October on the Gregorian calendar, according to History.com. Nowruz, the Persian New Year, coincides with the spring equinox in March, Haley said.

    Rosh Hashanah "marks a time of reflection, repentance, and spiritual renewal," Haley said, while Norwuz celebrates "rebirth and nature."

    How to make your own fresh start

    People gravitate to New Year's Day to reset as a part of the "fresh start effect," said Katherine Milkman, a professor of operations, information and decisions at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton business school.

    The phenomenon is rooted in humans' tendency to perceive moments in our lives as chapters, instead of one long continuum, and New Year's gives us a "chapter break" from old patterns and previous experiences.

    "'That was the old me, and this is the new me, and the new me is going to be different,'" she said. "It gives us optimism about our ability to achieve more."

    New Year's is the most popular "fresh start" because there's a strong social pressure, as many other people are doing the same thing at the same time, Milkman said.

    But you don't have to start anew on Jan. 1. A fresh start is still valuable if it's on your birthday, the first day in a new apartment or even on a random Monday, according to Milkman.

    To stick with the goals you've laid out for a fresh start, Milkman recommends breaking them down into small, actionable items and making them enjoyable. That could mean partnering with someone on a goal or "temptation bundling," which pairs your goals with things you like.

    "Like, 'I only get to binge watch my favorite TV shows while I'm exercising,' or 'I can only listen to my favorite podcast while I'm cooking a fresh meal for my family,'" she said.

    If you prefer to stick to Jan. 1 for your fresh start, don't worry. Hayton says the Gregorian calendar is unlikely to change anytime soon, as it would be very disruptive. Switching to a new system would likely face heavy resistance due to the potential social costs, like shifting or losing holidays or birthdays.

    "The rebel in me would love it to change, but I think that it would take almost an act of God — not an act of the Pope — to get the calendar to change," he said.
    Copyright 2025 NPR

  • 'Save Moon Camp' reaches $10 million goal
    A wide view of two adult bald eagles snuggled up next to each on a tree branch in a mountain range.
    Big Bear's famous bald eagle couple, Jackie and Shadow, snuggled up side by side on their "Lookout Snag" on Saturday.

    Topline:

    Nearly 63 acres of land near Big Bear’s famous bald eagle nest will be permanently preserved after environmental organizations successfully raised $10 million to prevent a planned housing project.

    Why now: Friends of Big Bear Valley, the nonprofit that runs the popular YouTube livestream of Jackie and Shadow’s nest, announced Friday that they’ve reached their goal. The “Save Moon Camp” fundraising page shows that it’s raised more than $10.5 million by the time of publication.

    The details: The fundraiser was able to get across the finish line with a more than $5.5 million donation from Anna and Greg Brockman, according to Friends of Big Bear Valley. Greg Brockman is the co-founder and president of OpenAI. He didn’t immediately respond to LAist’s request for comment. Jenny Voisard, a spokesperson for the nonprofit, said smaller donations made up the rest.

    Why it matters: Voisard said they are “beyond grateful” for the tireless support of so many people over the past six months. She told LAist that they “just hope Jackie comes home soon.”

    “Greg and I are grateful to all those who championed saving the home of these majestic eagles, Jackie and Shadow,” Anna Brockman said in a statement. “They inspire perseverance and a sense of connectedness to something greater, to nature. We are proud to be supportive.”

    The backstory: In February, Friends of Big Bear Valley and the San Bernardino Mountains Land Trust launched the fundraiser to prevent construction that they argued would harm rare plants and wildlife in the area. It was the most ambitious fundraising effort in the nonprofit’s history.

    What's next: The trust plans to have the land purchased by next Friday. The organization will preserve the acres in perpetuity, according to Friends of Big Bear Valley. Any donations over the goal will be put toward long-term care of the land.

    Go deeper: Environmental groups launch $10M fundraiser to buy land near Big Bear’s famous bald eagle nest

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  • CA sues Trump over emergency preparedness grants
    A room filled with people inspecting ballots while sitting at tables.
    Election workers process vote-by-mail ballots at the Orange County Registrar of Voters in Santa Ana on June 2, 2026.

    Topline:

    The Trump administration wants to link emergency preparedness grants for states to its preferences on immigration enforcement and the administration of elections.

    More details: California is taking the Trump administration to court a third time over its attempts to tie crucial emergency preparedness funding to the president’s preferences on immigration enforcement and election administration. In a coalition with 24 Democratic-led states, Attorney General Rob Bonta announced the lawsuit over new conditions on U.S. Department of Homeland Security grants.

    Why now: In the lead up to the November midterms, the Trump administration has pushed for stricter election rules, such as voter ID, to fight claims of widespread voter fraud. But Democratic lawmakers and officials have characterized these moves as Trump and the Republican party’s efforts to suppress voter turnout.

    Read on... for more on the lawsuit.

    California is taking the Trump administration to court a third time over its attempts to tie crucial emergency preparedness funding to the president’s preferences on immigration enforcement and election administration.

    In a coalition with 24 Democratic-led states, Attorney General Rob Bonta announced the lawsuit over new conditions on U.S. Department of Homeland Security grants.

    Most of these new rules relate to elections, including mandating states to employ a federal system to verify the citizenship of all their voters; using hand-marked paper voting ballots; and carrying out post-election audits, according to the lawsuit in Rhode Island’s federal court.

    The conditions also require states to assist with federal immigration enforcement and enable federal agencies to terminate states’ funds at their discretion.

    For decades the Department of Homeland Security and the Federal Emergency Management Agency have provided billions of dollars to states to prepare and respond to major disasters, including wildfires and earthquakes. One of these grants is the Homeland Security Grant Program, which Congress created in response to the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks. California alone receives $150 million each year from this program to fight terrorism, such as preventing cyberattacks.

    But under the Trump administration, Bonta said the agencies are using public safety as “a bargaining chip,” and unlawfully withholding funds that Congress already appropriated.

    The lawsuit alleges that if states do not comply with the new election rules, for example, they will lose at least 20%, if not all, of their Homeland Security Grant Program funds.

    In the lead up to the November midterms, the Trump administration has pushed for stricter election rules, such as voter ID, to fight claims of widespread voter fraud. But Democratic lawmakers and officials have characterized these moves as Trump and the Republican party’s efforts to suppress voter turnout.

    “Instead of ensuring these critical resources reach the communities that need them, Trump is attempting to use this funding as leverage to force states to adopt his preferred political agenda,” Bonta said at a press conference Thursday.

    In an emailed statement FEMA said the lawsuit is “partisan pushback” from Democratic politicians who “oppose common-sense measures designed to protect election security and safeguard the integrity of American democracy.”

    “Election security is national security, and protecting our critical infrastructure remains a top priority for the Trump Administration. Concerns over voting processes, data security, and registration practices have made it clear that action is required. … These new requirements will preserve election integrity.”

    The Trump administration tried to deny states these same grants twice last year as it pressured states to participate in federal immigration enforcement. Both times California and other states sued and a federal court sided with them.

    In her ruling rejecting the administration’s second attempt, U.S. District Court for Rhode Island Judge Mary McElroy, a Trump appointee, said holding funds hostage “based solely on what appear to be Defendants’ political whims is unconscionable and, at least here, unlawful.”

    This lawsuit is California’s 79th against the second Trump administration.

    This article was originally published on CalMatters and was republished under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives license.

  • James is moving to the Philadelphia 76ers
    A basketball player wears the purple and gold uniform of the Los Angeles Lakers. He is pictured running on an indoor court.
    Topline:
    LeBron James is heading to the Philadelphia 76ers. The NBA’s all-time leading scorer made the announcement on social media Friday, saying it will be his “last decision” and that it comes after he strongly considered retirement.


    Historic Lakers run: After playing eight seasons and winning one NBA title with the L.A. Lakers, James announced he was leaving the team earlier this month. During this time he surpassed Kareem Abdul-Jabbar as the league's all-time leading scorer. He also became the first NBA player to play on a team with his son, Bronny.

    The contract: The 41-year-old James is set to sign a modest $8-million, two-year contract with the Sixers, according to ESPN. He made nearly $53 million last season.

    ILADELPHIA (AP) — LeBron James is heading to the Philadelphia 76ers.

    The NBA’s all-time leading scorer made the announcement on social media Friday, saying it will be his “last decision” and that it comes after he strongly considered retirement.

    “I believe I can help make the Philadelphia 76ers a championship team and I am so excited to energize a new fan base and start this incredible journey one last time,” James said.

    A four-time NBA champion, James wrote he was “done” when his 23rd NBA season ended and that it was his last with the Los Angeles Lakers.

    “I was pretty sure I played my last game. I was honest at that last press conference when I said I needed to look at myself and deicide if I still love this game,” James wrote. “I still truly love this game, and I have more to give.”

    The 41-year-old James is set to sign a modest $8-million, two-year contract with the Sixers, according to ESPN. He made nearly $53 million last season.

    “I’m not going for money. I’m not going for family,” James wrote. “What am I really playing for at this point? I still want to sacrifice. I still want to work. I still want to grind. I still want to compete, to win and to have a chance at the feeling of winning.”

    Much as James did for Cleveland when he ended a 56-year championship drought for the city by leading the Cavaliers to the title in 2016, he can snap a lengthy title drought for the Sixers.

  • Billboard ads, stadium taxes head to ballot
    A large digital billboard of a man wearing a blue and gold suit with a jet in the background and smaller text that reads "Axe my tax."
    A campaign ad targeting Inglewood's stadium owners lights up a video billboard in downtown Inglewood. The ad was paid for by a campaign committee funded by billboard company WOW Media.

    Topline:

    The Inglewood City Council cleared two initiatives to go before voters this fall, but one still faces a court battle.

    Why now: The Inglewood City Council voted 4-0 on Tuesday to send each of the initiatives to the ballot after city staff found each had gathered the required amount of signatures — or more than 10% of the city’s 64,416 voters. Councilmember Dionne Faulk was absent from the afternoon meeting.

    Why it matters: The implications of these initiatives on daily life in Inglewood are real. Each could change how the city engages with stadium visitors and have a multi-million dollar impact on the city’s revenue streams.

    Read on... for more on the initiatives.

    This story first appeared on The LA Local.

    Inglewood voters will weigh in on a pair of ballot initiatives this November that could curtail video billboard advertising and raise taxes on tickets to the city’s stadiums. 

    The Inglewood City Council voted 4-0 on Tuesday to send each of the initiatives to the ballot after city staff found each had gathered the required amount of signatures — or more than 10% of the city’s 64,416 voters. Councilmember Dionne Faulk was absent from the afternoon meeting. 

    The implications of these initiatives on daily life in Inglewood are real. Each could change how the city engages with stadium visitors and have a multi-million dollar impact on the city’s revenue streams.

    Both of the initiatives are offshoots of the ongoing fight over Inglewood’s fleet of video billboards and each has heavy financial backing from a corporate sponsor.

    Mayor James Butts told The LA Local that a third initiative, proposing a cap on fees for commercial parking lots, did not gather enough signatures to make it to the ballot.

    Here’s what the ticket tax initiative would change

    The city pulls in millions of dollars every year through taxes on tickets to SoFi Stadium concerts and games. But the city’s current tax rules put a cap on that revenue.

    The proposed admissions tax measure would remove the annual cap. Inglewood currently slaps a 10% tax on tickets to venues with more than 22,000 seats. The city’s only venue that large is SoFi Stadium, which fits more than 70,000. 

    The annual cap on admissions tax revenue started at $15 million in 2015 and increases with inflation each year. Inglewood is set to pull in an estimated $21.7 million from the admissions tax this fiscal year, according to budget documents, accounting for almost 9% of the city’s total general fund revenue. 

    On top of removing the cap, the initiative would add a new 2.5% ticket tax for venues that have between 10,000 and 22,000 seats.

    Both the Intuit Dome and Kia Forum fit that description, but city staff wrote in a report that the new 2.5% charge would not immediately apply to the Kia Forum, which has a development agreement with the city running until 2041. 

    Read the full initiative here.

    Just under 7,200 verified Inglewood voters signed petitions to support the initiative, according to city records. 

    Bishop Johnny Young of Miracle Temple Church of God Pentecostal, one of the Inglewood locals who supports the initiative, said during the Tuesday meeting that the stadiums need to pay their fair share for the costs Inglewood incurs from stadium visitors. 

    “The stadium is built and the crowds have come,” Young said. “But when the lights dim, I am left with a quiet question: Who is actually carrying the costs for this glory?”

    WOW Media, the company that runs most of Inglewood’s video billboards, has thrown at least $400,000 into campaigns for the admissions tax initiative and the failed parking initiative, according to finance records that run through March 31. 

    The LA Local has reached out to WOW Media, who did not return a request for comment.

    John Shallman, a consultant for the competing, stadium-funded campaign committee Neighbors for Beautiful Inglewood, argued that increased admissions taxes could negatively hit Inglewood’s economy.

    “When a government increases costs, (venues) have to absorb, pass to consumers or reduce expenses,” Shallman said.

    Here’s what the billboard initiative would change

    Inglewood has seen dozens of video billboards and kiosks sprout up along its main roads over the last decade, drawing the ire of some locals who have likened the rows of screens to a mini-Vegas.

    A screenshot of a bar chart showing years from 2014 to 2024, where the peak was in 2022-23 at $7.5M.

    The proposed billboard initiative would ban commercial advertising across a large chunk of those billboards, many of which are built on city land. 

    Proponents argue the initiative would rid Inglewood of “billboard blight,” but the city says it would take a chunk out of the city’s revenue. Since 2018, the billboards have pulled in between $1.6 million and $7.5 million a year in revenue for the city. 

    And, WOW is scheduled to roll out more of its new twisting sidewalk screens in the coming months. 

    Diane Sambrano, an Inglewood local, said she doesn’t think the billboards are worth the money they bring the city.

    “I’d kinda like them all rubbed out,” Sambrano said. “We misuse the money anyway.”

    More than a dozen people gave public comments at Tuesday’s City Council meeting, laying out largely similar arguments against the initiative and asking council members to send it before voters instead of outright approving it.

    “I cannot stand by and watch this council strip millions of dollars from our community just to appease billionaires, stadium developers,” Bishop Young said. “Our partnership with WOW Media generates concrete revenue.”

    Read the full initiative here.

    Neighbors for Beautiful Inglewood, the main campaign behind the initiative, was started with $1 million in contributions from the city’s stadiums and arenas, according to campaign finance records running through March 31.

    Shallman, the campaign’s adviser, said that the billboard initiative is a case of corporate interests aligning with those of Inglewood locals.

    “From a pure citizen perspective, they don’t want these billboards,” he said. “Ultimately, the voters decide how their public space is used.”

    Shallman contended that the stadiums have done significantly more for Inglewood residents than WOW by providing local jobs and a larger chunk of tax dollars.

    “We’ll put that record against the billboard company,” he said. “That’s really the choice here. It’s billboard companies or the sports and entertainment venues.” 

    Even if the initiative is approved by voters, Butts told The LA Local that city officials plan to fight it in court. The city filed a lawsuit in March to block the initiative from the ballot, arguing that it was a product of “avaricious puppeteering” by SoFi Stadium owner Stan Kroenke.

    That lawsuit is ongoing. Butts said any order to stop the initiative is most likely to come after the Nov. 3 election.