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The most important stories for you to know today
  • Altadena backyard houses massive toy train world
    Trains
    A narrow-gauge model train.

    Topline:

    For more than a decade, Rob Caves has invited the public to his Altadena backyard to experience an ever-growing model train universe built by him and his fellow hobbyists in the Christmas Tree Lane Model Railroad Society.

    Why it matters: The vision, started in 2010, was to recreate a train journey from San Diego to Seattle — featuring a hit parade of locations along the route. It was first built in Caves's garage, but quickly outgrew the 400-square-foot space to overtake a sizable portion of his backyard.

    Why now: Caves typically opens up his backyard for the public to enjoy these creations on the first Saturday of November. This year, these Saturday viewings end on Jan. 4.

    Growing up, Rob Caves remembers there was always a train set under his family Christmas tree.

    As an adult, the Los Angeles native has brought this fond memory, and his passion, on a grand scale to the backyard of his home on the famed Christmas Tree Lane in Altadena.

    For more than a decade, Caves has invited the public to experience this ever-growing labor of love built by him and his fellow hobbyists in the Christmas Tree Lane Model Railroad Society.

    The model train display first started in the garage — and quickly outgrew the 400-square-foot space.

    A man wearing a black jacket and a t-shirt standing next to a model train set.
    Rob Caves standing next to one of the many train sets he and his fellow hobbyists built.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    " It was completely wall to wall, five decks of trains," Caves said. " So we decided it's time to make it bigger, it's time to make it better."

    That was 2010. What Caves and his club members did were constructed what he called "peninsulas" — or extensions — out of the garage. They then built displays housed inside — complete with train tracks, scenic backdrops, landscapes, structures and whatever else you can think of.

    "The whole idea behind the layout was to model the West Coast of the United States," Caves said, who moved into the Altadena house with his partner about two decades ago. "Just do the whole thing in miniature."

    Specifically, the plan was to recreate a train journey from San Diego to Seattle — featuring a hit parade of locations along the route.

    In San Diego, he said, the layout includes the Pacific Surfliner running along the Pacific Ocean. Customary with this massive built, Caves made many of the set's miniature elements himself via 3D printing.

    "You can't go buy a Surfliner in the store, so I just go ahead and build them on the computer," he said. "I like to add people sitting in the seats on the trains. It's the little details that make everything so much fun about the hobby."

    A miniature model of an amusement park, with an elevated tram track and a mascot of a cartoon mouse in front.
    Miniature Disneyland.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    In Orange County, one of the highlights along the route is Disneyland. "When kids come to see the layout ... they go right to Disneyland and they love the fireworks and all the stuff that we put there, the little details and Main Street USA," Caves said.

    Multiple miniature high-rises along a downtown street. One is a hotel named Ritz Carlton. Tiny model cars are parked here and there.
    Minature downtown Los Angeles.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    Moving northward to Los Angeles proper, the set includes different scenes of downtown.

    A miniature model with a train track, tiny cars and trucks parked next to a billborad that says, "Gorgeous Gals" with a phone number to call.
    A Los Angeles street scene in the miniature train set build by Rob Caves and members of the train society.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    One of his favorite set pieces is Union Station — a place that cemented his passion for trains.

    "When I was a kid, my grandmother used to take me on train trips out of there. So I scratch built that station — one of the first things that I actually did way back in 2010," Caves said.

    Model trains sitting on tracks. Behind them is the skyline of a city's downtown.
    Model train set of Union Station built from scratch by Altadena resident Rob Caves.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    Another favorite of Caves is the L.A. River.

    A miniature model of concrete channels tagged with graffiti in an industrial setting.
    A miniature model of the L.A. River lined with model train tracks
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    The train ride also zips by places like the former Glendale Southern Pacific train depot that is now an Amtrak station.

    A beige model train depot. A tiny sign stands that says "Glendale" is placed next to it.
    The Glendale model train depot.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    And the project memorializes bygone everyman landmarks like Fry's Electronics in Burbank.

    Train tracks in front of an miniature model of a store called Fry's.
    The old Fry's Electronics store in Burbank.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    The train keeps going north, passing by a station in Lancaster.

    A model toy train station with the word, "Lancaster" on the roof.
    Lancaster model train station. The train layout is protected behind a clear vinyl cover.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    Caves said there are scenes of the Sierra Nevada mountains and whimsical touches along the way, like Godzilla knocking down power lines, or the Star Trek mountain — "kind of like Mount Rushmore" but with characters from the franchise.

    A miniature mountain with faces built into the side of the mountain.
    The train layout's Mount Rushmore of Star Trek favorites.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    Until finally, we arrive in Seattle.

    A model train layout with buildings and structures. A label "Seattle, WA" is affixed to it.
    Last stop: Seattle.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    This vision have taken up multiple rooms of added space in his backyard — and counting.

     "The layout has definitely gotten bigger each year," Caves said. And when necessary, new "peninsulas" are built to house new sceneries.

    For example, there's a room dedicated to narrow-gauge trains that were used in the 1900s.

    Two stacks of model trains running along a mountainous backdrop.
    A scene from the narrow-gauge train room.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    "Those would be able to go around curves because the track is a little bit smaller than standard trains," Caves said. "You see a lot of trains in Europe that are like that because they just need to be able to negotiate steeper grades."

    Miniature houses set in a mountainous landscape.
    Another scene from the narrow-gauge train room.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )
    Miniature houses and structures along a model train track.
    (
    Fiona Ng
    /
    LAist
    )

    So far, Caves estimated that his backyard train universe contains 30 scale miles of tracks. In non-model train speak, he explained, think of one scale mile as "if you were a tiny figure on the layout, and you walked 30 miles on the layout."

    Basically, a lot. By his account, he and his fellow model train enthusiasts have about a third more to go.

    But who knows, because just like the real deal, building a miniature model is an experience that keeps on giving.

    "The idea that you're gonna get on a train and go travel somewhere is just such a neat concept," Caves said. " I think there's something kind of hypnotic about being on a train and looking out the window and just kind of like forgetting about the rest of the world."

    How to visit

    Caves typically opens up his backyard for the public to enjoy these creations on the first Saturday of November. This year, these Saturday viewings end on Jan. 4. Hours are between 5 p.m. and 11 p.m.

    For more information, including the address, visit Christmas Tree Lane Model Railroad Society's Facebook page or Instagram.

  • Ways to celebrate with your besties
    A sumptous afternoon tea setting, with teacups and saucers, a three tier cake stand, and a silver coffee pot on top of a white lace tablecloth
    The Culver Hotel's Afternoon Tea, for your sipping satisfaction

    Topline:

    What is Galentine’s Day? Only the best day of the year! Find out where it originated and all the ways you can celebrate with your favorite gals and pals in Los Angeles.

    What’s to love: Celebrate your platonic partners in crime with cinema screenings, après surf lounges, afternoon teas, and line dancing lessons.

    Why now: Why should couples have all the fun? There’s nary a thing that a lover can do better than a bestie (well, maybe one).

    "Galentine's Day" was first introduced to us in 2010 on the television series Parks and Recreation. Since then, it has become so deeply embedded in popular culture that I bet most of you didn’t know you should be thanking Leslie Knope for “only the best day of the year.”

    Well, there has never been a better time than now to focus on the love for the ladies in your life. Although really, it's a day about celebrating those you can always count on, no matter the gender.

    Read on for ideas on how to celebrate Galentine's Day in Los Angeles, which traditionally falls on Feb. 13, (but this year is beginning as early as Feb. 5). 

    Rooftop cinema screening

    A woman with light skin and blonde hair, wearing a grey business suit, is smiling and gesturing with her hands
    NBC's Parks and Rec, the series which created Galentine's Day
    (
    Courtesy NBC
    )

    Dig into the real story behind Galentine’s Day at Rootop Cinema Club in DTLA on Thursday, Feb. 5. It’s an entire mini-marathon of Parks and Recreation, the show that started it all. Tickets begin at $35 per person and include a love seat with fireside heater and a hot chocolate for you and your bestie. As the website says, "Valentine’s Day is for lovers — but Galentine’s Day? That’s for legends."

    When and How: Reserve your tickets here for the 6:30 p.m. screening.

    Galentine’s dinner under the stars

    A rooftop bar at night, with lit up buildings in the background and fairy lights all around; in the middle are comfy seats and tables
    Oysters and champagne anyone? At Mother of Pearl in DTLA
    (
    Michael Kleinberg
    /
    Courtesy Mother of Pearl
    )

    Set the stage for a night of pure fabulousness with a rooftop dinner at Mother of Pearl, the oyster and champagne bar from Michelin-starred Chef Joshua Gil. The four-course prix fixe begins with a caviar bruschetta and small plates for the table, which is a perfect time to order a round of mini tinis. Menu highlights include tuna ribbons with wild baby fennel and salsa verde, steak Diane with pommes puree, and a strawberry tiramisu to finish. Since Mother of Pearl is part of the multi-level nightclub and restaurant space Level 8 in Downtown Los Angeles, your night doesn’t need to end with dinner.

    When and How: Reserve via OpenTable for Friday, Feb. 13, beginning at 5 p.m. 

    Afternoon tea

    Visit the iconic Culver Hotel in Culver City for a one-day-only Galentine’s Tea that will give you a reason to feel your best. The experience includes artisanal tea, finger sandwiches, and heart-shaped sweets along with bite-sized petit fours. Dress to impress as a festive ensemble will earn you a complimentary glass of pink bubbly. The entire tea time will be accompanied by live music.

    When and How: Galentine’s tea is served from 10 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. on Sunday, Feb. 15. Reserve on OpenTable. The cost is $75 per person.
     

    Après Surf Lounge

    A cosy set up, with a sofa, rattan chairs and a fire, with a table holding a cheese and charcuterie board and various drinks
    You get your own personal firepit at Viceroy Santa Monica
    (
    Courtesy Viceroy Santa Monica
    )

    Gather up to six of your girls for a poolside cabana with everything you need for a fun celebration. A night out at the Après Surf Lounge at the Viceroy Santa Monica includes a curated cheese board, tabletop s’mores, and a bottle of something sparkling. There are also table topic cards and a build-your-own bouquet activity to keep things festive while you share laughs around your personal fire pit.

    When and How: Galentine’s Day cabanas are available on both Friday, Feb. 13 and Saturday, Feb. 14, beginning at $230 for up to 6 guests. Reserve on their website.

    Line Dancing with your Ladies

    Two lines of men and women, most wearing cowboy boots, are dancing on a wooden floor
    The Galentine's Day Bootloose event happens on Feb 13
    (
    Courtesy Desert 5 Spot
    )

    There’s nothing like line dancing to spark a night of liveliness between friends. On Friday, Feb. 13, Desert 5 Spot in Hollywood is hosting a Galentine’s Day Bootloose with free line dancing lessons led by Mike & Diana. They’re also extending Desert Hour drink specials until 9 p.m., which includes $6 beer and wine, $9 cocktails, and 2-for-one $10 tacos.

    When and How: RSVP for your Friday, Feb. 13 bootloose on the hour beginning at 7 p.m. here. RSVPs aren’t necessary if you won’t be line dancing, but Galentine’s Day is not about putting baby in the corner. Let your inner cowgirl roam free!

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  • Experts lay out a roadmap for California
    A dark skin-toned young girl writes letters on a whiteboard in the outdoor classroom of a home-based daycare in Hawthorne, California.
    Researchers at Stanford and the University of California laid out a roadmap for the state to achieve universal childcare.

    Topline:

    Researchers at University of California and Stanford say it’s possible to implement a universal childcare system in California. They estimate it’ll cost up to $21 billion annually, and lay out a roadmap.

    The backstory: New Mexico became the first state to offer universal childcare last year, and cities like San Francisco and New York are expanding access for families.

    Why it matters: Childcare costs take up nearly 20% of a household’s income in L.A. County. At the same time, the majority of parents say they struggle to meet a basic need.

    What’s new: Economists at Stanford estimate it would cost the state from $12 to $21 billion a year to implement a universal childcare system for children 3 and under. In a companion paper, researchers at the University of California lay out the infrastructure needed to accomplish such a system.

    It’s no secret that childcare is expensive — and unaffordable — for many families. In L.A. County, costs for childcare take up, on average, nearly 20% of a family’s household income.

    But in papers published last week, researchers at the University of California and Stanford say a solution is possible — and that a universal childcare system can be implemented in California, the most populous state in the country.

    “It is not easy to fix the childcare market. It requires investments of resources … but it is feasible,” said Neale Mahoney, a professor of economics and director of the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research. “I'm optimistic that if we focus on this issue, then we can take big strides.”

    Last year, New Mexico became the first state to offer universal childcare, and local jurisdictions like San Francisco and Alameda County have moved to infuse money into their childcare systems.

    Economists at Stanford estimate it would cost the state between $12 to $21 billion a year to implement a universal childcare system for children 3 and under. The researchers say the investment could lead to 100,000 mothers joining the workforce, which could create up to $23 billion in GDP for the state.

    “What happens fairly immediately from a program that provides more robust childcare coverage is that you have more parents working in particular, you have more moms able to work, and of course, that contributes right back to the economy in the form of taxes,” said Chloe Gibbs, a policy fellow at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research.

    Methodology

    • Chloe Gibbs explained that "100,000 more mothers joining the workforce" is based on this economics paper which says that a more robust childcare program generates a six percentage point increase in the labor force participation of mothers.
    • That 100,000 number is then multiplied by the average GDP per worker in California. The average GDP per worker is calculated as the state's total GDP divided by the current size of the (nonfarm, payroll-based) workforce to generate an estimate of economic output per worker, which is just under $230,000.

    Researchers at UC Irvine and UC Berkeley, in a parallel paper, said the current childcare infrastructure needs to be changed to make a universal system possible and made a series of recommendations. That includes combining a confusing system of 14 different funding streams for subsidized child care.

    “ It shouldn't be on providers and families to sort through what they're eligible for and the regulations of all of them,” said Jade Jenkins, associator professor of education policy at UC Irvine.

    Where will the money come from? 

    In New Mexico, the state’s universal childcare program is paid through the state’s sovereign wealth funds supported from oil and gas revenues. While California doesn’t have that sort of dedicated funding stream, Gibbs says there are other options.

    Gibbs said some states have used lottery funds for childcare, or implemented so-called “sin taxes” — taxes on products like cigarettes or alcohol, while others have also created endowment funds. “Then of course, there’s the redeployment of dollars that are currently spent on other things,” she said.

    Currently, the state has set aside $7.5 billion for subsidized childcare in the proposed budget, including more than $5 billion from the state’s general fund. That amounts to about 2% of the state’s budget.

    Learn more about the child care system

  • Supervisors approved $840M with big reductions
    A woman with light skin tone and ginger hair wearing black-rimmed glasses stands behind a dais with sign that reads 'Lindsey P. Horvath/ Third District."
    Los Angeles County Supervisor Lindsey P. Horvath

    Topline:

    The Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors voted unanimously Tuesday to approve an $843 million homelessness spending plan that includes nearly $200 million in reductions to programs and services in the next budget year.

    Why it matters: Among the affected programs is Pathway Home, which helps move people from encampments into temporary housing. The county reduced funding for that program by $92 million, which will shrink it from 20 project sites to seven, officials said.

    Supervisors also approved $105 million in reductions to other programs, including large cuts to street outreach teams, homelessness prevention programs and other supportive services.

    Why now: Officials said they had to reduce spending to cover the rising costs of operating shelter beds and the loss of tens of millions in temporary state and federal funding, including some COVID-19 relief dollars. 

    Read on ... for details about the new budget and how it will affect homelessness services in the county.

    The Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors voted unanimously Tuesday to approve an $843 million homelessness spending plan that includes nearly $200 million in reductions to programs and services in the next budget year.

    Among those programs is Pathway Home, which helps move people from encampments into temporary housing. The county reduced funding for that program by $92 million, which will shrink it from 20 project sites to seven, officials said.

    Supervisors also approved $105 million in reductions to other programs, including large cuts to street outreach teams, homelessness prevention programs and other supportive services.

    County officials said they had to reduce spending in order to cover the rising costs of operating shelter beds and the loss of tens of millions in temporary state and federal funding, including some COVID-19 relief dollars.

    “With federal neglect and state cuts, we have to do more with less,” Supervisor Lindsey Horvath told LAist. “And we will.”

    The county’s new Department of Homeless Services and Housing has been warning about the looming shortfall since July. County officials solicited input on how to fill an initial $303 million gap.

    Since then, the department adjusted the county’s homelessness spending plan, after finding some one-time state grants and cost-saving measures.

    The budget year starts July 1.

    Some funding restored

    Last month, local homeless service providers urged county officials to restore all of the more than $200 million in proposed reductions to programs and services. Some supervisors raised concerns about specific cuts.

    Since then, new revenue projections show the county stands to bring in $21 million more through Measure A than originally anticipated.

    Measure A is a sales tax ordinance, approved by L.A. County voters in 2024, that funds homeless services and affordable housing initiatives. It is expected to generate about $1 billion annually, but exact revenues fluctuate with consumer spending.

    The county’s slightly rosier revenue projections allowed the homeless department to roll back a fraction of the proposed reductions.

    “It’s not a windfall and it doesn’t solve every challenge, but it does give us the ability to restore important programs that were on the chopping block,” Supervisor Janice Hahn said.

    The board voted to use much of that $21 million to restore funding for two dozen full-time outreach workers and about 100 shelter beds that were previously on the chopping block.

    The plan approved Tuesday also calls for $5 million in Measure A revenue to partially restore funding for interim housing in Long Beach, Pasadena and Glendale. It restored more than $1 million to operate family solution centers — hubs to connect unhoused families with services — and about $500,000 for a program that helps military veterans access government benefits.

    Supervisor Holly Mitchell said she wishes Pathway Home funding could be maintained. She said it’s been crucial for helping people living in RV encampments in her district, which spans from Koreatown to much of the South Bay.

    "These restorations don't expand encampment resolution operations,” Mitchell said Tuesday. “The services with the greatest impact in the Second District remain reduced, and the current plan does not replace what was cut."

    County homelessness officials told supervisors the 100 shelter beds they saved will be prioritized for people living in encampments and will help make up for cuts to Pathway Home.

    "The reduction to Pathway Home is not a reduced commitment to encampment resolution,” L.A. County Department of Homeless Services and Housing director Sarah Mahin said Tuesday. “It’s a recognition that it was built on one-time funding and we need to expand strategies to include more cost-effective resolution solutions."

    New oversight push

    The supervisors also voted 5-0 Tuesday to approve a new motion focused on accountability in homeless service contracting. The motion by Horvath and Kathryn Barger directs the homelessness department to work with the county auditor-controller to create strict oversight procedures for contracts, including random site visits, performance monitoring and provisions for termination.

    They said the goal is to prevent the mismanagement that has plagued the Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority, and the fraud that has resulted in recent arrests. Last month, federal authorities arrested Alex Soofer, director of a nonprofit called Abundant Blessings, on suspicion of embezzling tens of millions in dollars meant to serve unhoused Angelenos. Soofer pleaded not guilty to the charges this week.

    "Public dollars intended to address homelessness have gone unaccounted for under LAHSA," Horvath said. “That is unacceptable and it ends now with the county.”

    Last year, the board voted to divert more than $300 million in county homelessness dollars away from LAHSA and administer the funds itself with a new homelessness department.

    “As the department launches, every contract, every dollar, and every outcome must withstand scrutiny,” Horvath told LAist in a statement. “We don’t have resources to waste or time to lose in addressing the homelessness crisis.”

    Barger described instances of fraud within the homeless services sector as “moral failures” that cannot be tolerated.

    “They represent theft from the most vulnerable people in our community,” she said.

    She also argued that ethical service providers “should not have their reputations destroyed by the criminal actions of a few bad actors.”

    Barger told fellow supervisors at Tuesday’s meeting it’s their responsibility to monitor how county homelessness dollars are being spent — and to defund programs that aren’t generating results.

    “Setting the budget is the easy part,” Barger said. “We have to see results. And if we don’t, we have to have a debate at this board: is that the best use of these resources?”

    The department must report back to the board in 60 days with their full plan for monitoring contractors and preventing fraud and misuse of public funds.

    Auditor-Controller Oscar Valdez told supervisors his office would submit a plan to county homelessness officials Tuesday.

  • Congress approves $94.3M for projects in LA
    Congress has approved $94.3 million in mobility-related funding for the 2028 Olympic and Paralympic Games in Los Angeles.

    Topline:

    Congress has approved $94.3 million in mobility-related funding for the 2028 Olympic and Paralympic Games in Los Angeles as part of a spending bill to end the partial government shutdown, according to Metro.

    Why it matters: Metro has asked for $3.2 billion in federal funding to pay for projects to enhance transportation during the Games. The money will pay for leasing land, designing temporary bus facilities and station improvements, as well as designing enhanced pedestrian pathways for venue areas, according to a statement from Metro.

    What about the World Cup? The bill, signed by President Donald Trump on Tuesday, also included money for the 2026 FIFA World Cup in June. Around $9.1 million is earmarked for the international tournament’s transportation funding.

    Reaction: The L.A. County Metropolitan Transportation Authority applauded the spending package.

    “The 2028 Olympic and Paralympic Games are a time for America to shine on the world stage — and we know that transportation will be a key part of the visitor experience,” said Metro CEO Stephanie Wiggins.

    Go deeper … into how Los Angeles is preparing for the mega event.